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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Community Health >A Third World International Health Elective for U.S. Medical Students: The 25-Year Experience of the State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center
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A Third World International Health Elective for U.S. Medical Students: The 25-Year Experience of the State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center

机译：第三世界美国医学生国际选修课：纽约州立大学下州医学中心25年的经验

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The Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health at the State University of New York, Downstate Medical Center instituted a 6-8 weeks third world international health elective for fourth year medical students in 1980. Since that time, some 217 students have participated in a score of third world countries. However, the most popular sites have been India, Kenya and Thailand. The purposes of this elective are to provide fourth year medical students with an opportunity to observe and study the structure and functions of a health care delivery system in a third world country, to provide medical service, and to have a cross-cultural experience. The emphasis in this elective is on public health, preventive medicine and primary care. There are high levels of student competition for this elective. However, interest in it has been affected by world events such as the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 and the recent outbreak of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in Asia. Recent annual applications for this elective have been twenty-five and more out of a class of two hundred students. Annual acceptance rates vary considerably, ranging from as low as 27.2% in 1995-1996 to a high of 81.8% in 1987-1988. Careful screening, including an examination of academic records and personal interviews, has resulted in the selection of highly mature, adaptable, and dedicated students who overall have performed well at overseas sites. Student rated satisfaction levels with this elective are extremely high, with most rating it the best experience of their medical school years. Students undergo extensive preparation prior to going overseas. This includes individual health and safety issues, travel and lodging, and the nature of the host country culture, health care system, and assignment site. Our students are especially experienced in cross-cultural understanding because of the unusual diversity of the patients they treat in Brooklyn, and the ethnic diversity of local hospital staff and the medical class. This Brooklyn experience in cross-cultural understanding has been cited by many participants as having been the best preparation for functioning in a foreign culture. In the late 1990s, we revised our procedures concerning health preparations so as to address the risk of HIV/AIDS and other blood borne diseases. In addition, we also adopted an Agreement and Release form containing 15 provisions requiring risk and responsibility assumption on the part of the student participants. The Alumni Fund of the College of Medicine has steadfastly supported this elective with both a philosophical commitment and financial grants to help defray travel costs. In 1998, Joshua H. Weiner of the class of 1941 created a sizeable endowment in the Alumni Fund of the College of Medicine to support students participating in this elective. In 2001, Sonya K. Binkhorst, Assistant Professor of Psychiatry at the Downstate Medical Center, arranged for some financial support for women medical students through the LSK Foundation and the American Medical Women's Association. During the years that this elective has been offered, overseas preceptors have willingly given of their time and institutional resources to make these experiences available and meaningful for students.
机译：纽约州立大学唐纳德州立大学医学中心预防医学与社区卫生系在1980年为四年级医学生开设了为期6-8周的第三世界国际健康选修课。自那时以来，已有217名学生参加了总分第三世界国家。但是，最受欢迎的站点是印度，肯尼亚和泰国。该选修课的目的是为四年级医学生提供一个观察和研究第三世界国家医疗保健提供系统的结构和功能，提供医疗服务以及具有跨文化经验的机会。该选修课的重点是公共卫生，预防医学和初级保健。该选修课的学生竞争非常激烈。但是，人们对它的兴趣已受到世界事件的影响，例如2001年9月11日的恐怖袭击以及最近在亚洲爆发的严重急性呼吸道综合症（SARS）。在200名学生中，该选修科最近的年度申请数量为25，甚至更多。每年的接受率差异很大，从1995-1996年的低至27.2％，到1987-1988年的高至81.8％。经过认真的筛选，包括对学业成绩的检查和个人访谈，已经甄选出了高度成熟，适应性强和专注的学生，这些学生总体上在海外的表现良好。学生对这门选修课的满意程度非常高，大多数人将其评为医学院学习的最佳体验。在出国之前，学生需要进行广泛的准备。这包括个人健康和安全问题，旅行和住宿，以及东道国文化，医疗保健系统和工作地点的性质。我们的学生在跨文化理解方面特别有经验，这是因为他们在布鲁克林治疗的患者异常多变，以及当地医院工作人员和医疗班子的种族多样性。许多参与者认为布鲁克林在跨文化理解方面的经验是在外国文化中发挥作用的最佳准备。在1990年代后期，我们修订了有关保健准备的程序，以解决艾滋病毒/艾滋病和其他血液传播疾病的风险。此外，我们还采用了“协议与释放”表格，其中包含15条规定，要求学生参与者承担风险和责任。医学院医学院校友基金会坚定地支持这一选修课，并提供了哲学承诺和财政补助，以帮助支付差旅费。 1998年，1941年级的约书亚·韦纳（Joshua H. Weiner）在医学院的校友基金中创建了一笔颇丰的捐赠基金，以支持参加该选修课程的学生。 2001年，Downstate Medical Center精神病学的助理教授Sonya K. Binkhorst通过LSK基金会和美国医学妇女协会为女医学生安排了一些财政支持。在提供该选修课程的几年中，海外教官愿意提供时间和机构资源，以使这些经历对学生有意义并有意义。

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