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Formation and disruption of tonotopy in a large-scale model of the auditory cortex

机译：听觉皮层的大规模模型中音调的形成和破坏

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摘要

There is ample experimental evidence describing changes of tonotopic organisation in the auditory cortex due to environmental factors. In order to uncover the underlying mechanisms, we designed a large-scale computational model of the auditory cortex. The model has up to 100 000 Izhikevich's spiking neurons of 17 different types, almost 21 million synapses, which are evolved according to Spike-Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP) and have an architecture akin to existing observations. Validation of the model revealed alternating synchronised/desynchronised states and different modes of oscillatory activity. We provide insight into these phenomena via analysing the activity of neuronal subtypes and testing different causal interventions into the simulation. Our model is able to produce experimental predictions on a cell type basis. To study the influence of environmental factors on the tonotopy, different types of auditory stimulations during the evolution of the network were modelled and compared. We found that strong white noise resulted in completely disrupted tonotopy, which is consistent with in vivo experimental observations. Stimulation with pure tones or spontaneous activity led to a similar degree of tonotopy as in the initial state of the network. Interestingly, weak white noise led to a substantial increase in tonotopy. As the STDP was the only mechanism of plasticity in our model, our results suggest that STDP is a sufficient condition for the emergence and disruption of tonotopy under various types of stimuli. The presented large-scale model of the auditory cortex and the core simulator, SUSNOIMAC, have been made publicly available.
机译：有足够的实验证据描述由于环境因素引起的听觉皮层中异位组织的变化。为了揭示潜在的机制，我们设计了听觉皮层的大规模计算模型。该模型具有多达10万个Izhikevich的17种不同类型的突触神经元，将近2100万个突触，这些突触是根据Spike-Timing-Dependent可塑性（STDP）进化而来的，其结构类似于现有观察结果。模型的验证揭示了交替的同步/去同步状态和不同的振荡活动模式。我们通过分析神经元亚型的活动并在模拟中测试不同的因果干预来提供对这些现象的洞察力。我们的模型能够根据细胞类型产生实验性预测。为了研究环境因素对声调拓扑的影响，对网络演化过程中不同类型的听觉刺激进行了建模和比较。我们发现强烈的白噪声会导致tototopy完全破坏，这与体内实验观察一致。用纯音或自发活动进行刺激会产生与网络初始状态类似的音调。有趣的是，微弱的白噪声导致色调的显着提高。由于STDP是我们模型中唯一可塑性的机制，因此我们的结果表明，STDP是在各种类型的刺激下出现和破坏性拓扑学的充分条件。提出的听觉皮层和核心模拟器SUSNOIMAC的大规模模型已经公开可用。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Computational Neuroscience》 |2015年第2期|131-153|共23页
  • 作者

    Tomkova Marketa; Tomek Jakub; Novak Ondrej; Zelenka Ondrej; Syka Josef; Brom Cyril;

  • 作者单位

    Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic|Univ Oxford, Life Sci Interface Doctoral Training Ctr, Oxford, England;

    Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic|Univ Oxford, Life Sci Interface Doctoral Training Ctr, Oxford, England;

    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Expt Med, Dept Auditory Neurosci, Prague, Czech Republic;

    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Expt Med, Dept Auditory Neurosci, Prague, Czech Republic;

    Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Expt Med, Dept Auditory Neurosci, Prague, Czech Republic;

    Charles Univ Prague, Fac Math & Phys, Prague, Czech Republic;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Auditory cortex; Large-scale model; Spiking neuron; Oscillation; STDP; Tonotopy;

    机译：听觉皮层;大尺度模型;尖峰神经元;振荡;STDP;拟睾酮;

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