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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Computational Neuroscience >Antidromic propagation of action potentials in branched axons: implications for the mechanisms of action of deep brain stimulation
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Antidromic propagation of action potentials in branched axons: implications for the mechanisms of action of deep brain stimulation

机译：分支轴突中动作电位的反峰传播：对深部脑刺激的作用机制的启示。

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Electrical stimulation of the central nervous system creates both orthodromically propagating action potentials, by stimulation of local cells and passing axons, and antidromically propagating action potentials, by stimulation of presynaptic axons and terminals. Our aim was to understand how antidromic action potentials navigate through complex arborizations, such as those of thalamic and basal ganglia afferents-sites of electrical activation during deep brain stimulation. We developed computational models to study the propagation of antidromic action potentials past the bifurcation in branched axons. In both unmyelinated and myelinated branched axons, when the diameters of each axon branch remained under a specific threshold (set by the antidromic geometric ratio), antidromic propagation occurred robustly; action potentials traveled both antidromically into the primary segment as well as "re-orthodromically" into the terminal secondary segment. Propagation occurred across a broad range of stimulation frequencies, axon segment geometries, and concentrations of extracellular potassium, but was strongly dependent on the geometry of the node of Ranvier at the axonal bifurcation. Thus, antidromic activation of axon terminals can, through axon collaterals, lead to widespread activation or inhibition of targets remote from the site of stimulation. These effects should be included when interpreting the results of functional imaging or evoked potential studies on the mechanisms of action of DBS.
机译：对中枢神经系统的电刺激既通过刺激局部细胞和经过的轴突产生正向传播的动作电位，又通过刺激突触前轴突和末端产生反方向的传播动作电位。我们的目的是了解抗肢体动作电位如何在复杂的乔木中进行导航，例如在深部脑刺激过程中丘脑和基底神经节传入的电激活部位。我们开发了计算模型来研究反机器人动作电位在分支轴突中分叉处的传播。在没有髓鞘的和有髓鞘的分支轴突中，当每个轴突分支的直径保持在特定阈值（由反线几何比设定）以下时，反线传播很强。动作电位既从反方向移动到主要部分，又“重新正交”进入末端的次要部分。传播发生在广泛的刺激频率，轴突节的几何形状和细胞外钾的浓度范围内，但在很大程度上取决于轴突分叉处Ranvier结的几何形状。因此，轴突末端的抗皮肤激活可以通过轴突侧支导致远离刺激部位的靶的广泛活化或抑制。在解释功能性影像学结果或引起DBS作用机制的潜在研究时，应包括这些影响。

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