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A Reasonable Price for Electricity

机译：合理的电价

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Over the past decade, consumers' electricity costs have risen disproportionally compared with the average inflation rate, mostly as the result of increased network tariffs and taxes. This development appears to be at odds with the stated purpose of introducing competition into the electricity sector through implementation of the EU Electricity Directive to realize benefits for end users in terms of lower prices as well as better quality of goods and services. This article discusses the conditions under which the price of electricity can be considered reasonable according to the Directive. The meaning of the term "reasonable" may depend on a number of factors, and it is necessary to distinguish between the various components of an energy bill. The various objectives of the directive could lead to diverging interpretations, even when applied to the same component of the bill, the supply price. According to the underlying market principle, reasonable may imply "economically efficient." However, in line with the principle of universal service for households, reasonable should be understood to mean "affordable." The article also examines the conditions under which a substantial rise of consumer energy costs due to increasing network tariffs can be justified. The focus of this article is on electricity, although, as stipulated under the Third Gas Directive, a consumer's right to pay a reasonable price, while enjoying universal service, applies equally to gas. Therefore, the observations outlined in this paper are relevant also for gas consumers.
机译：在过去的十年中，与平均通货膨胀率相比，消费者的电费成本成比例地上升，这主要是由于提高了网络电价和税收所致。这种发展似乎与既定的目的相矛盾，即通过执行《欧盟电力指令》将竞争引入电力行业，从而以较低的价格以及更好的商品和服务质量为最终用户带来收益。本文讨论了根据该指令可以认为电价合理的条件。术语“合理”的含义可能取决于许多因素，因此有必要区分电费的各个组成部分。该指令的各种目标可能导致不同的解释，即使将其应用于法案的同一部分，即供应价格。根据潜在的市场原则，合理可能意味着“经济有效”。但是，根据为家庭提供普遍服务的原则，合理应理解为“负担得起”。本文还研究了可以证明由于网络资费增加而导致的消费者能源成本大幅上升的条件。本文的重点是电力，尽管根据《第三次燃气指令》的规定，消费者在享受普遍服务的同时支付合理价格的权利也同样适用于天然气。因此，本文概述的观察结果也与天然气消费者有关。

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