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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Contaminant Hydrology >Weathering kinetics of waste rock from the Aitik copper mine, Sweden: scale dependent rate factors and pH controls in large column experiments
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Weathering kinetics of waste rock from the Aitik copper mine, Sweden: scale dependent rate factors and pH controls in large column experiments

机译：瑞典Aitik铜矿的废石的风化动力学：大柱实验中与比例有关的速率因子和pH控制

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摘要

Geochemical processes in mining waste rock, including sulphide weathering, heavy metal release (Cu and Zn), and acidity consumption by carbonate and silicate mineral weathering have been investigated. We operated six large columns, each containing about 1.6 tons of waste rock, with unsaturated water flow for nearly 3 1/2 years. The column results illustrate two pH controls: (1) sulphide oxidation with calcite dissolution sustaining a neutral pH, and, (2) simultaneous sulphide oxidation and weathering of primary silicate minerals at pH 3--4. The column effluents either remained at near neutral pH or became acidic after a lag period of between 0.5 and 3 years. For columns developing acidic effluents, there was an associated mobilisation of copper with maximum copper concentrations as high as 500 ppm. The variable calcite content of the rock appears to be an important factor for controlling the effluent pH within the columns. Extrapolating these results to the field scale, suggests that the much slower than expected copper release at the site is due to fractions of waste rock with very low sulphide content, fractions with significant amounts of calcite remaining, and slower weathering rates due to lower temperature, larger particle size and lower oxygen content. In addition, immobile water in the waste rock is expected to accumulate weathering products rather than release them with the site drainage.
机译：已经研究了开采废石的地球化学过程，包括硫化物风化，重金属释放（铜和锌）以及碳酸盐和硅酸盐矿物风化对酸度的消耗。我们运营了六个大型塔，每个塔中约有1.6吨废石，不饱和水流将近3.5年。色谱柱结果说明了两个pH值控制：（1）方解石溶解后的硫化物氧化维持中性pH，（2）pH 3--4时同时发生的硫化物氧化和初级硅酸盐矿物的风化。在0.5至3年的滞后时间后，色谱柱流出物要么保持在中性pH左右，要么变为酸性。对于产生酸性流出物的色谱柱，最大铜浓度高达500 ppm时会伴有铜的迁移。岩石中方解石含量的变化似乎是控制塔内废水pH值的重要因素。将这些结果推算到田间规模，表明该地点的铜释放速度比预期的慢得多，这是由于碎石中硫化物含量极低的部分，方解石的残留量很大以及温度较低而导致的风化速度较慢，较大的粒径和较低的氧含量。此外，预计废石中的不流动水会积聚风化产物，而不是随现场排水释放它们。

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