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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of contemporary European studies >Kurdish Transnational Politics and Turkey's Changing Kurdish Policy: The Journey of Kurdish Broadcasting from Europe to Turkey
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Kurdish Transnational Politics and Turkey's Changing Kurdish Policy: The Journey of Kurdish Broadcasting from Europe to Turkey

机译：库尔德跨国政治与土耳其不断变化的库尔德政策：库尔德人从欧洲向土耳其广播的旅程

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摘要

The bulk of scholarship on EU-Turkey relations has focused mainly on intergovermental or state-society relations, while the larger literature on enlargement and Europeanization has hardly paid any attention to the role of diasporas and immigrant communities as relevant political entrepreneurs in Europeanization processes. In this article, I examine the role and impact of the Kurdish diaspora and the transnational politics of Kurds on recent policy changes in Turkey, with respect to Kurdish broadcasting. Until 1990, the Turkish state officially denied the very existence of Kurds, today Turkish state television broadcasts programs in the Kurdish language. Other reforms have taken place as well. This has often been explained as a result of EU conditionality, yet, no studies have explored the fact that all of these different aspects of Kurdish cultural and educational activities that have begun to take shape in Turkey were actually first developed and implemented in Europe, by Kurdish organizations themselves. The analysis of ROJ-TV in Europe shows that this Kurdish satellite channel is a paradigmatic example of how 'the diaspora strikes back'. I argue that the emergence of a state-sponsored Kurdish channel in Turkey is a further reaction by the Government to the existence of ROJ-TV in Europe, after initial efforts to shut down the station failed. I conclude that for a comprehensive understanding of Turkey's reform process the transnational activism of the Kurdish diaspora has to be taken into account.
机译：关于欧盟-土耳其关系的大部分奖学金主要集中在政府间关系或​​国家社会关系上，而有关扩大和欧洲化的大量文献几乎没有关注散居和移民社区在欧洲化进程中作为相关政治企业家的作用。在本文中，我研究了库尔德人的传播以及库尔德人的跨国政治对土耳其最近有关库尔德人广播的政策变化的作用和影响。直到1990年，土耳其政府才正式否认库尔德人的存在，今天土耳其国家电视台以库尔德语广播节目。其他改革也已进行。这通常是由于欧盟的附加条件而作出的解释，但是，没有研究探索这样一个事实，即在土耳其已经开始形成的库尔德文化和教育活动的所有这些不同方面实际上是在欧洲首先开发和实施的。库尔德组织本身。对欧洲ROJ-TV的分析表明，该库尔德卫星频道是“侨民如何反击”的一个典型例子。我认为，在最初关闭电视台的努力失败之后，土耳其政府支持的库尔德电视台的出现是政府对欧洲ROJ-TV的进一步反应。我得出结论，为了全面了解土耳其的改革进程，必须考虑到库尔德侨民的跨国行动主义。

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