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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship >OPPORTUNITY AND NECESSITY ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF HUMAN CAPITAL
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OPPORTUNITY AND NECESSITY ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND ECONOMIC GROWTH: THE MODERATING EFFECT OF HUMAN CAPITAL

机译：机遇和必要性创业与经济增长：人力资本的调节效果

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摘要

Although considerable research has been devoted to the study of the effect of entrepreneurship on economic growth, fewer studies have analyzed the effect of the types (opportunity vs necessity) of entrepreneurship on economic growth. Moreover, the latter set of studies overlooked the relevance of human capital as a mediating factor in the relation between (types of) entrepreneurship and economic growth. The aim of the present study is to fill in this gap by assessing the extent to which the direct and indirect effect of (the types of) entrepreneurship, via human capital, matters for countries' economic growth. In methodological terms, we resort to fixed effects panel data estimations, involving a large set of (OECD and non-OECD) countries, over a relatively long time span (1990-2016). The results suggest total entrepreneurship has a positive effect on economic growth. Distinguishing between types of entrepreneurship, there is clear evidence that OE fosters economic growth, whereas necessity entrepreneurship inhibits it. Interestingly, human capital tends to mitigate the negative effect of necessity entrepreneurship on economic growth. In the case of opportunity entrepreneurship, the direct positive effect observed is reduced in contexts characterized by high levels of human capital, which might reflect increased opportunity costs.
机译：虽然对企业家精神的影响研究了相当大的研究，但更少的研究已经分析了企业家的类型（机会VS必要性）对经济增长的影响。此外，后一组研究忽视了人力资本作为（类型）创业和经济增长之间关系的调解因子的相关因素。本研究的目的是通过评估通过人力资本，各国经济增长的直接和间接效应（类型）的直接和间接效应的程度来填补这种差距。在方法论方面，我们求助于固定效果面板数据估算，涉及大量（经合组织和非经合组织）国家（1990-2016）。结果表明总企业家精神对经济增长产生了积极影响。区分企业家的类型，有明确的证据表明，OE促进了经济增长，而必要性创业则抑制它。有趣的是，人力资本倾向于减轻必要性企业家对经济增长的负面影响。在机会创业的情况下，观察到的直接阳性效应在以高水平的人力资本为特征的背景下减少，这可能会增加更多的机会成本。

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