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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Drug Issues >BLACK BEAUTIES, GORILLA PILLS, FOOTBALLS, AND HILLBILLY HEROIN: SOME REFLECTIONS ON PRESCRIPTION DRUG ABUSE AND DIVERSION RESEARCH OVER THE PAST 40 YEARS
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BLACK BEAUTIES, GORILLA PILLS, FOOTBALLS, AND HILLBILLY HEROIN: SOME REFLECTIONS ON PRESCRIPTION DRUG ABUSE AND DIVERSION RESEARCH OVER THE PAST 40 YEARS

机译：黑美人，大猩猩丸，足球和山楂型海洛因：过去40年对处方药滥用和滥用研究的一些反思

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摘要

Although the problem of prescription drug abuse has endured for well over two centuries, research into the abuse and diversion of these drugs has been relatively recent. The first general population survey to document the abuse of prescription medications occurred in 1970, and subsequent studies demonstrated that the abuse and diversion of amphetamines, opioids, and sedatives has continued to be widespread. During the 1980s and much of the 1990s, prescription drug abuse took a back seat to other more pressing concerns: ifreebasei and powder cocaine, the cocaine wars, crack and sex-for-crack exchanges, rising rates of drug-related street crime, and HIV/AIDS among injection and non-injection drug users. However, recent surveys suggest that the current outbreak of prescription drug abuse began during the early to mid-1990s. Although the abuse and diversion of prescription drugs was clearly an evolving problem, what seemed to galvanize the attention of the media, the government, and the public at large was OxyContin^sup AE^. Currently, there is no question that the problems of prescription drug abuse and diversion continue to grow. Why this is so, however, is open to speculation. Perhaps the reason lies in the increasing numbers of prescription drugs that are being legally marketed. Or perhaps the popularity of prescription drugs is rooted in the beliefs that they are more acceptable, less dangerous, and less subject to legal consequences than are illicit drugs. [PUBLICATION ABSTRACT]
机译：尽管处方药滥用问题已经持续了两个多世纪，但对这些药物的滥用和转移的研究却相对较新。 1970年首次进行了全面的人口普查，记录了处方药的滥用情况，随后的研究表明，苯丙胺，阿片类药物和镇静剂的滥用和转移一直在继续。在1980年代和1990年代的大部分时间里，处方药滥用在其他更为紧迫的问题上排在后面：ifreebasei和可卡因粉，可卡因战争，以裂缝和以性别为单位的交流，与毒品有关的街头犯罪率上升，以及注射吸毒者和非注射吸毒者中的艾滋病毒/艾滋病。但是，最近的调查表明，当前处方药滥用的爆发始于1990年代初至中期。尽管处方药的滥用和转移显然是一个不断发展的问题，但似乎引起媒体，政府和广大公众注意的是OxyContin ^ sup AE ^。当前，毫无疑问处方药滥用和转移的问题继续增长。然而，为何如此，则有待猜测。也许原因在于合法销售的处方药数量不断增加。或者，处方药的普及根源于一种信念，即与非法药物相比，它们更容易被接受，危险性更低，法律后果更少。 [出版物摘要]

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    《Journal of Drug Issues》 |2009年第1期|p.101-114|共14页
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    James A Inciardi Theodore J Cicero;

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    James A. Inciardi, Ph.D., is the Co-Director of the Center for Drug and Alcohol Studies at the University of Delaware, and is the author of more than 450 articles, chapters, and books in the areas of substance abuse, criminology, criminal justice, history, folklore, public policy, HIV/AIDS, medicine, and law. Theodore J. Cicero, Ph.D., a Professor in Psychiatry at Washington University School of Medicine, has a 40-year long interest in two aspects of substance abuse: the neurobiological and neuroendocrinological substrates of tolerance and dependence, and studies in humans directed at the abuse of prescription opioid analgesics.,;

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