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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of economic studies >Human capital, foreign direct investment stock, trade and the technology diffusion in Saudi Arabia 1974-2011
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Human capital, foreign direct investment stock, trade and the technology diffusion in Saudi Arabia 1974-2011

机译：1974-2011年沙特阿拉伯的人力资本，外国直接投资存量，贸易和技术扩散

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Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors of technology diffusion in Saudi Arabia. It is a relevant study for Saudi Arabia, which has embarked on high gears of economic modernization that is supposed to be driven by technology and knowledge. Thus, an up-to-date research on the factors of technology diffusion in the country is expected to be of high-valued contribution. Design/methodology/approach - It employs co-integration method to analyse the long run relations between the technology diffusion and its determinants. Findings - The study finds that the international trade, particularly the oil sector trade, of the Saudi Arabia appears to play no relevant role in the international technology transfer for Saudi Arabia. The study confirms that technology is an endogenous variable in the presence of human capital; and that the higher levels of educational attainments are found to significantly improve factor productivity. The foreign direct investment (FDI) stock is confirmed to be a consistent and important factor in the process of technology diffusion. The capital goods imports and the domestic R&D expenditure are found to be negatively associated with the technology diffusion. Research limitations/implications - The machine and transport equipment imports are used by the study as a measure of capital goods imports, and thus a better measure is needed in a further research. Similarly, the limited data on the domestic R&D expenditure has forced the author to rely on estimates and own calculations. Thus, these data limitations could not allow us to have better understanding of the impacts of capital goods imports and domestic R&D on the technology diffusion. Practical implications - Human capital and FDIs are the key drivers the Saudi authorities should consider for transferring and diffusing technology in the country and expanding non-oil sources of economic growth. Originality/value - This paper is a first of its kind for the case of Saudi Arabia to analyze the determinants of technology diffusion and investigate the role of the its oil sector trade in the technology diffusion. The oil sector trade is found insignificant in the international technology diffusion process; thus the authorities should refocus the oil sector trade towards technology localization and adoption to increase integrative by-product industries in the country.
机译：目的-本文的目的是研究沙特阿拉伯技术扩散的因素。这是与沙特阿拉伯有关的一项研究，该国已着手进行旨在由技术和知识推动的经济现代化。因此，有关该国技术扩散因素的最新研究有望发挥重要作用。设计/方法/方法-它采用协整方法来分析技术扩散及其决定因素之间的长期关系。调查结果-研究发现，沙特阿拉伯的国际贸易，特别是石油部门贸易，似乎在沙特阿拉伯的国际技术转让中没有任何相关作用。该研究证实，在存在人力资本的情况下，技术是内生变量。并且发现较高的教育水平可以显着提高要素生产率。外国直接投资（FDI）存量被证实是技术扩散过程中的一个一致且重要的因素。发现资本货物进口和国内研发支出与技术扩散负相关。研究的局限性/意义-本研究将机器和运输设备的进口用作衡量资本货物进口的指标，因此，在进一步的研究中需要更好的方法。同样，国内研发支出的数据有限，迫使作者不得不依靠估计和自己的计算。因此，这些数据限制使我们无法更好地了解资本货物进口和国内研发对技术扩散的影响。实际影响-人力资本和外国直接投资是沙特当局在该国转让和扩散技术以及扩大非石油经济增长来源时应考虑的主要驱动力。原创性/价值-对于沙特阿拉伯而言，本文是同类文章中的第一篇，旨在分析技术扩散的决定因素并调查其石油部门贸易在技术扩散中的作用。人们发现，在国际技术传播过程中，石油部门的贸易微不足道。因此，当局应将石油部门的贸易重心转移到技术本地化和采用上，以增加该国的综合副产品产业。

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