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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Economics of Ageing >Redistributive effects of different pension systems when longevity varies by socioeconomic status
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Redistributive effects of different pension systems when longevity varies by socioeconomic status

机译：不同养老系统在寿命时期因社会经济地位而异的再分配效应

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摘要

We propose a general analytical framework to model the redistributive features of alternative pension systems when individuals face ex ante differences in mortality. Differences in life expectancy between high and low socioeconomic groups are often large and have widened recently in many countries. Such longevity gaps affect the actuarial fairness and progressivity of public pension systems. However, behavioral responses to longevity and policy complicate analysis of possible reforms. Here we consider how various pension systems would perform in an OLG setting with heterogeneous longevity and ability. We evaluate redistributive effects of three Notional Defined Contribution plans and three Defined Benefit plans, calibrated on the US case. Compared to a benchmark non-redistributive plan that accounts for differences in mortality, US Social Security reduces regressivity from longevity differences, but would require group-specific life tables to achieve progressivity. Moreover, without separate life tables, despite apparent accounting gains, lower income groups would suffer welfare losses and higher income groups would enjoy welfare gains through indirect effects of pension systems on labor supply.
机译：我们提出了一般的分析框架，以模拟替代养老系统的再现特征，当个人面临死亡率的前杆差异时。高低社会经济群体之间预期常温的差异通常很大，最近在许多国家拓宽。这种长寿差距影响公共养老金系统的精算公平和逐行性。然而，对长寿和政策的行为响应使可能的改革的分析复杂化。在这里，我们考虑各种养老金系统将如何在具有异质寿命和能力的OLG设置中执行。我们评估了三个名义限定缴费计划和三项定义福利计划的重新分配影响，在美国案件上校准。与基准非重新分配计划相比，占死亡率差异，美国社会保障减少了寿命差异的回归，但需要特定于群体的寿命表来实现逐行性。此外，如果没有单独的寿命表，尽管有明显会计收益，较低的收入群体将遭受福利损失，更高的收入群体通过养老金制度对劳动力供应的间接影响享有福利。

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