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Inefficient NGO labels: Strategic proliferation and fragmentation in the market for certification

机译:低效的非政府组织标签:认证市场中的战略扩散和分散化

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摘要

Nongovernmental organization (NGO) certification is a prerequisite for corporate engagement in enhanced social behaviors in many settings. Labels with broad scope (like sustainability) coexist with niche competitors much narrower in scope (like bird-friendliness). When NGOs compete for adoptions, the wrong suite of schemes emerges, providing a rationale for regulation. An incumbent NGO may strategically narrow the breadth of its label to deter entry of competing schemes, reducing welfare. Even when entry is accommodated, welfare is compromised. Modeling multi-issue competition between NGOs allows us to be the first to analyze label fragmentation and provide a novel perspective on proliferation that has frustrated practitioners.
机译:非政府组织(NGO)认证是公司参与许多场合中增强社会行为的先决条件。范围广泛(如可持续性)的标签与利基竞争者共存,范围较窄(如鸟类友好)。当非政府组织争夺领养权时,就会出现一套错误的计划,为监管提供了依据。现有的非政府组织可以从战略上缩小其标签的宽度,以阻止竞争性计划的进入,从而减少福利。即使容纳了入境,福利也会受到损害。通过对非政府组织之间的多问题竞争进行建模,我们可以成为第一个分析标签片段化并为扩散带来新颖观点的人,这使从业人员感到沮丧。

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