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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Environmental Management >Carbon footprint of dairy goat production systems: A comparison of three contrasting grazing levels in the Sierra de Grazalema Natural Park (Southern Spain)
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Carbon footprint of dairy goat production systems: A comparison of three contrasting grazing levels in the Sierra de Grazalema Natural Park (Southern Spain)

机译：奶山羊生产系统的碳足迹：塞拉利昂格拉萨莱玛自然公园（西班牙南部）三种不同放牧水平的比较

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摘要

The main objective of this study was to analyze the carbon footprint (CF) of grazing dairy goat systems in a natural park according to their grazing level. A total of 16 representative grazing goat farms in southern Spain were selected and grouped into three farming systems: low productivity grazing farms (LPG), more intensified grazing farms (MIG) and high productivity grazing farms (HPG). Their CF was analyzed, including greenhouse gas emissions and soil C sequestration according to the farms' grazing level and milk productivity, taking into account different functional units (one kilogram of fat and protein corrected milk (FPCM) and one hectare) and milk correction. Results showed that all variables differed according to the milk correction applied as the values for cow's milk correction were 41% lower than for sheep's milk correction. Total emissions and contributions of soil carbon sequestration differed according to farming system group; LPG farms had higher total emissions than MIG and HPG farms, however total carbon sequestration was lower in the MIG farms than in the LPG and HPG farms. The CF values ranged from 2.36 to 1.76 kg CO(2)e kg(-1) FPCM for sheep's milk correction and from 1.40 to 1.04 kg CO(2)e kg(-1) FPCM for cow's milk correction. No differences were found between farming system groups in either of the two cases but when calculations took hectare of land as a functional unit, the contribution of MIG farms to the CF was 85% higher than LPG and HPG farms. Therefore it is important to take into account the functional unit used to calculate the CF by analyzing this indicator in a broader context, and including carbon sequestration by grazing livestock in the calculation. In order to reduce the CF of this type of system, it is advisable to make appropriate use of the natural resources and to reach an optimum level of milk productivity, high enough for pastoral livestock farming to be viable.
机译：这项研究的主要目的是根据放牧水平分析自然公园中放牧的奶山羊系统的碳足迹（CF）。西班牙南部地区总共选择了16个有代表性的放牧山羊农场，并将其分为三个耕作系统：低生产率放牧农场（LPG），集约化放牧农场（MIG）和高生产率放牧农场（HPG）。根据农场的放牧水平和牛奶生产力，分析了他们的CF，包括温室气体排放和土壤固碳，同时考虑了不同的功能单位（一公斤经脂肪和蛋白质校正的牛奶（FPCM）和一公顷）和牛奶校正。结果表明，所有变量根据所应用的牛奶校正而有所不同，因为牛奶校正的值比绵羊牛奶校正的值低41％。固碳系统的总排放量和贡献因农作系统组而异。 LPG农场的总排放量高于MIG和HPG农场，但是MIG农场的总固碳量低于LPG和HPG农场。 CF值范围从2.36到1.76 kg CO（2）e kg（-1）FPCM（用于校正羊奶），CF值从1.40到1.04 kg CO（2）e kg（-1）FPCM（用于校正牛奶）。在这两种情况下，两种耕作系统组之间均未发现差异，但是当以公顷土地为功能单位进行计算时，MIG农场对CF的贡献比LPG和HPG农场高85％。因此，重要的是要通过在更广泛的范围内分析该指标来考虑用于计算CF的功能单元，并在计算中包括通过放牧牲畜来固碳。为了降低此类系统的CF，建议适当利用自然资源并达到最佳的牛奶生产率水平，足够高的水平以使牧场畜牧业可行。

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