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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Environmental Management >Spatial wildlife-vehicle collision models: A review of current work and its application to transportation mitigation projects
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Spatial wildlife-vehicle collision models: A review of current work and its application to transportation mitigation projects

机译：空间野生生物与车辆的碰撞模型：当前工作的回顾及其在缓解交通项目中的应用

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In addition to posing a serious risk to motorist safety, vehicle collisions with wildlife are a significant threat for many species. Previous spatial modeling has concluded that wildlife-vehicle collisions (WVCs) exhibit clustering on roads, which is attributed to specific landscape and road-related factors. We reviewed twenty-four published manuscripts that used generalized linear models to statistically determine the influence that numerous explanatory predictors have on the location of WVCs. Our motivation was to summarize empirical WVC findings to facilitate application of this knowledge to planning, and design of mitigation strategies on roads. In addition, commonalities between studies were discussed and recommendations for future model design were made. We summarized the type and measurement of each significant predictor and whether they potentially increased or decreased the occurrence of collisions with ungulates, carnivores, small-medium vertebrates, birds, and amphibians and reptiles. WVCs commonly occurred when roads bisect favorable cover, foraging, or breeding habitat for specific species or groups of species. WVCs were generally highest on road sections with high traffic volumes, or low motorist visibility, and when roads cut through drainage movement corridors, or level terrain. Ungulates, birds, small-medium vertebrates, and carnivore collision locations were associated with road-side vegetation and other features such as salt pools. In several cases, results were spurious due to confounding and interacting predictors within the same model. For example, WVCs were less likely to occur when a road bisected steep slopes; however, steep slopes may be located along specific road-types and habitat that also influence the occurrence of WVCs. In conclusion, this review showed that much of the current literature has gleaned the obvious, broad-scale relationships between WVCs and predictors from available data sets, and localized studies can provide unique and novel results. Future research requires specific modeling for each target species on a road-by-road basis, and measuring the predictive power of model results within similar landscapes. In addition, research that builds on the current literature by investigating rare anomalies and interacting variables will assist in providing sound comprehensive guidelines for wildlife mitigation planning on roads.
机译：除了严重威胁驾驶者的安全外，车辆与野生生物的碰撞也是许多物种的重大威胁。先前的空间模型得出的结论是，野生生物与车辆的碰撞（WVC）在道路上表现出聚类，这归因于特定的景观和与道路相关的因素。我们回顾了二十四篇发表的论文，这些论文使用广义线性模型来统计确定许多解释性预测因素对WVC位置的影响。我们的动机是总结WVC的经验性发现，以促进将该知识应用于规划和设计道路缓解策略。此外，讨论了研究之间的共性，并提出了未来模型设计的建议。我们总结了每个重要预测变量的类型和度量，以及它们是否可能增加或减少与有蹄类动物，食肉动物，中小型脊椎动物，鸟类以及两栖动物和爬行动物发生碰撞的可能性。当道路将特定物种或特定物种的有利覆盖，觅食或繁殖栖息地一分为二时，通常会发生WVC。当交通流量大或驾驶员能见度低，道路横穿排水运动走廊或平坦地形时，WVC通常最高。 g，鸟类，中小型脊椎动物和食肉动物的碰撞位置与路边植被和其他特征（如盐池）有关。在某些情况下，由于同一模型中的预测变量相互混淆且相互影响，结果是虚假的。例如，当道路将陡坡一分为二时，WVC发生的可能性就较小；但是，陡峭的斜坡可能位于特定的道路类型和栖息地上，这也会影响WVC的发生。总之，这项综述表明，当前的许多文献已经从可用数据集中收集了WVC和预测变量之间的明显，广泛的关系，而本地化研究可以提供独特而新颖的结果。未来的研究需要在逐条道路上针对每个目标物种进行特定的建模，并在相似的景观中测量模型结果的预测能力。此外，通过研究稀有异常和相互作用变量以当前文献为基础的研究，将有助于为道路上的野生动植物缓解计划提供完善的综合指南。

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