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Sensitivity analysis of ground-level ozone concentration to emission changes in two urban regions of southeast Texas

机译：德克萨斯州东南部两个城市地区地面臭氧浓度对排放变化的敏感性分析

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摘要

Air pollutant emission is one of the predominant factors affecting urban air quality such as ground-level ozone formation. This paper assesses the impact of changing emission inventory scenarios, based on combinations of point, mobile, areaon-road and biogenic sources, on the tropospheric ozone concentration in two southeast Texas urban areas, i.e. Houston-Galveston and Beaumont-Port Arthur, during the rapid ozone formation event (ROFE) on August 25, 2000. The EPA's Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system with 1999 national emission inventory (NEI99) estimates and updated SAPRC99 chemical mechanism are used in the sensitivity analysis for twelve different emission scenarios. Based on model results, it is found that the point source emission of NO_x and VOC contributes the greatest ozone peak in the ROFE. Removing Texas point sources of VOC and NO_x emission from the inventory results in a reduction in peak O_3 concentration by 128 and 70 ppbv in Houston urban area, respectively. Similar but less drastic impact from point source is also observed in the Beaumont-Port Arthur area. The effect on peak ozone concentration due to mobile, area and non-road sources emissions are less significant compared to that of point source emission. Reducing VOC emission appears to be more effective than reducing NO_x emission in lowering peak O_3 concentration in the studied region. Although biogenic emission can contribute up to 37 ppbv of peak ozone level over a large area, the affected area is away from the urban region of concern, and should not be the main cause for O_3 non-attainment in the twourban areas. Removing CO emission from mobile sources does not lead to significant reduction (< 1 ppbv) in ozone concentrations. The modeled data also show that the transport of O_3 precursors from adjacent states can cause a significant ozone plume near Beaumont due to its proximity to the state border based on the conditions during the August 25, 2000 O_3 episode.
机译：空气污染物排放是影响城市空气质量的主要因素之一，例如地面臭氧的形成。本文基于点源，移动源，区域/非道路源和生物源的组合，评估了不断变化的排放清单方案对德克萨斯州东南部两个市区，即休斯顿-加尔维斯顿和博蒙特-阿瑟港的对流层臭氧浓度的影响，在2000年8月25日的快速臭氧形成事件（ROFE）期间。EPA的社区多尺度空气质量（CMAQ）建模系统具有1999年国家排放清单（NEI99）估计值和更新的SAPRC99化学机制用于十二种不同排放物的敏感性分析场景。根据模型结果，发现NO_x和VOC的点源排放在ROFE中贡献了最大的臭氧峰。从清单中删除德克萨斯州的VOC和NO_x排放源会导致休斯敦市区的O_3峰值浓度分别降低128 ppbv和70 ppbv。在博蒙特－阿瑟港地区也观察到了类似但来自点源的剧烈影响。与点源排放相比，移动，区域和非道路源排放对臭氧峰值浓度的影响较小。在研究区域内降低VOC排放似乎比降低NO_x排放更有效。尽管生物排放物可在大范围内贡献最高37 ppbv的峰值臭氧水平，但受灾地区不在关注的城市地区，并且不应成为两个城市地区O_3未达标的主要原因。从移动源中清除CO排放不会导致臭氧浓度显着降低（<1 ppbv）。建模数据还显示，根据2000年8月25日O_3事件的情况，邻近州的O_3前体的运输可能会在Beaumont附近引起大量臭氧羽流，因为它靠近州边界。

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