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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of environmental science and health >Winery vermicomposts to control the leaching of diuron, imidacloprid and their metabolites: Role of dissolved organic carbon content
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Winery vermicomposts to control the leaching of diuron, imidacloprid and their metabolites: Role of dissolved organic carbon content

机译：酒厂用mi子来控制杜伦，吡虫啉及其代谢产物的浸出：溶解有机碳含量的作用

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摘要

Soil organic amendment addition is an effective practice in Mediterranean areas due to its associated high agricultural benefits and its potential to reduce the pesticide impact on water resources. However, their metabolites have received scarce attention, even when they may pose more risk than their parent compounds. Two winery vermicomposts obtained from spent grape marc (V1) and the mixture vine shoot-biosolid vinasses (V2) have been investigated as low cost organic amendments to minimize the leaching of diuron, imidacloprid and their metabolites in columns packed with a sandy loam (S1) and a silty-clay loam soil (S2) under steady state flow conditions. In the unamended soil columns, leached amounts of diuron were 75% and 53% in S1 and S2, respectively. Its metabolites (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methylurea, DPMU; and 3,4-dichlorophenylurea, DPU) percolated less than 35% of the total applied amount. The amount of the metabolite 3,4-dichloroaniline (DCA) was 2% and 30% for S1 and S2, respectively. Leaching of imidacloprid was 79% and 96% for S1 and S2, respectively, while its metabolite 6-chloronicotinic acid (CNA) was entirely leached. In the vermicompost-amended columns, the leaching of diuron was reduced 2 to 3-fold. DPMU and DPU were also significantly reduced (more than 6-fold). DCA did not appear in any of the leachates of the amended soil columns. Imidacloprid leaching was reduced 1 to 2-folds in the amended columns. The amendments did not affect the transport of CNA. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) from the vermicomposts did not enhance pesticide transport throughout the soil in any case. This qualitative study presents these vermicomposts as an effective potential low-cost tool in reducing pesticide and metabolite leaching. The next step would be to test them under more realistic conditions.
机译：在地中海地区添加土壤有机改良剂是一种有效的做法，因为它具有很高的农业效益，并且具有减少农药对水资源的影响的潜力。但是，它们的代谢物很少受到关注，即使它们可能比其母体化合物带来更大的风险。已经研究了两种从废葡萄渣（V1）和藤芽-生物固体酒糟（V2）混合物中获得的酒厂Vermicomposts，作为低成本的有机改良剂，以最大程度地减少充满沙壤土（S1）的柱中杜伦，吡虫啉及其代谢产物的浸出。 ）和在稳态流动条件下的粉质粘土壤土（S2）。在未改良的土壤柱中，S1和S2中的杜伦浸出量分别为75％和53％。其代谢物（3-（3,4-二氯苯基）-1-甲基脲，DPMU；和3,4-二氯苯基脲，DPU）渗透少于总施用量的35％。 S1和S2的代谢物3,4-二氯苯胺（DCA）的量分别为2％和30％。 S1和S2的吡虫啉浸出率分别为79％和96％，而其代谢产物6-氯烟酸（CNA）被完全浸出。在ver杂柱修饰的色谱柱中，敌草隆的浸出减少了2到3倍。 DPMU和DPU也显着降低（超过6倍）。 DCA没有出现在经过修改的土壤柱的任何渗滤液中。在修改后的色谱柱中，吡虫啉的浸出减少了1到2倍。修正案并未影响CNA的运输。在任何情况下，来自ver茎的溶解有机碳（DOC）均不会增强农药在整个土壤中的运输。这项定性研究将这些ver石作为减少农药和代谢物浸出的有效潜在低成本工具。下一步将是在更现实的条件下对其进行测试。

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