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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of environmental science and health >Polynomial response of 2,4-D mineralization to temperature in soils at varying soil moisture contents, slope positions and depths
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Polynomial response of 2,4-D mineralization to temperature in soils at varying soil moisture contents, slope positions and depths

机译：不同土壤水分，坡度和深度下土壤中2,4-D矿化对温度的多项式响应

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摘要

The herbicide 2,4-D [2,4-(dichlorophenoxy) acetic acid] is a widely used broadleaf control agent in cereal production systems. Although 2,4-D soil-residual activity (half-lives) are typicaly less than 10 days, this herbicide also has as a short-term leaching potential due to its relatively weak retention by soil constituents. Herbicide residual effects and leaching are influenced by environmental variables such as soil moisture and temperature. The objective of this study was to determine impacts of these environmental variables on the magnitude and extent of 2,4-D mineralization in a cultivated undulating Manitoba prairie landscape. Microcosm incubation experiments were utilized to assess 2,4-D half-lives and total mineralization using a4x4x3x2 factorial design (with soil temperature at 4 levels: 5, 10,20 and 40°C; soil moisture at 4 levels: 60,85,110,135 % of field capacity; slope position at 3 levels: upper-, mid- and lower-slopes; and soil depth at 2 levels: 0-5 cm and 5-15 cm). Half-lives (ti/2) varied from 3 days to 51 days with the total 2,4-D mineralization (Mr) ranging from 5.8 to 50.9 %. The four-way interaction (temperature x moisture x slope x depth) significantly (p < 0.001) influenced both ti/2 and Mj- Second-order polynomial equations best described the relations of temperature with ti/2 and Mj as was expected from a biological system. However, the interaction and variability of ti/2 and My among different temperatures, soil moistures, slope positions, and soil depth combinations indicates that the complex nature of these interacting factors should be considered when applying 2,4-D in agricultural fields and in utilizing these parameters in pesticide fate models.
机译：除草剂2,4-D [2,4-（二氯苯氧基）乙酸]是谷物生产系统中广泛使用的阔叶防治剂。尽管2,4-D的土壤残留活性（半衰期）通常少于10天，但该除草剂由于其对土壤成分的保留相对较弱，因此具有短期浸出潜力。除草剂的残留效应和浸出受环境变量（例如土壤湿度和温度）的影响。这项研究的目的是确定这些环境变量对马尼托巴省起伏的草原景观中2，4-D矿化程度和程度的影响。使用a4x4x3x2析因设计（在4个水平的土壤温度：5、10、20和40°C； 4个水平的土壤湿度：60,85,110,135％）中，使用缩影培养实验评估了2,4-D半衰期和总矿化度场容量；坡度在3个级别上：上，中和下坡；土壤深度在2个级别上：0-5厘米和5-15厘米）。半衰期（ti / 2）从3天到51天不等，总的2,4-D矿化度（Mr）为5.8％至50.9％。四向相互作用（温度x水分x斜率x深度）显着（p <0.001）影响ti / 2和Mj。二阶多项式方程最能描述温度与ti / 2和Mj的关系，如从a生物系统。但是，ti / 2和My在不同温度，土壤湿度，坡度位置和土壤深度组合之间的相互作用和变异性表明，在农田和农田中应用2,4-D时应考虑这些相互作用因素的复杂性。在农药归宿模型中利用这些参数。

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