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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Environmental Science and Health >Chelation therapy for treatment of systemic intoxication with uranium: A review
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Chelation therapy for treatment of systemic intoxication with uranium: A review

机译：螯合疗法治疗全身性铀中毒的研究进展

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摘要

Elevated levels of naturally occurring uranium have been found in small geographic areas throughout the world. Exposure of the general public to uranium is most often by the ingestion of food and water containing natural uranium from the hydrogeological environment, but this likelihood is remote. However, the risk is increased in regions where uranium is mined, milled, processed and/or fabricated as well as in the vicinity of former battlefields where depleted uranium munitions were deployed. Exposure in such cases is by the inhalation route. Internalized uranium is a long-term hazard the toxicity of which depends upon the dose and the dose rate as well as other parameters such as the chemical form and site of deposition of the uranium and the physiology of the host. The radiological toxicity and the chemical toxicity of uranium and its compounds are responsible for kidney damage and lung cancer. The vulnerable groups are the very young and the very old, individuals predisposed to hypertension or osteoporosis and individuals with chronic kidney disease. Those subject to long-term exposure from internalized uranium are a greater risk for the long-term implications. The accumulation of uranium may be mitigated by decreasing its absorption, distribution and deposition and increasing its elimination with chelating agents. The formation of soluble chelates may enhance the mobilization of uranium deposited in tissue and expedite its transport to and elimination from the renal system. The focus of this review is on the use of chelating agents to enhance decorporation of uranium thereby reducing the risk of intoxication.
机译：在世界各地的较小地理区域中发现了天然铀含量的升高。公众对铀的暴露通常是通过从水文地质环境摄入含天然铀的食物和水而实现的，但是这种可能性很小。但是，在铀的开采，研磨，加工和/或制造区域以及部署贫铀弹药的前战场附近，风险增加。在这种情况下，应通过吸入途径进行接触。内在铀是一种长期危害，其毒性取决于剂量和剂量率以及其他参数，例如铀的化学形式和沉积部位以及宿主的生理状况。铀及其化合物的放射毒性和化学毒性是造成肾脏损害和肺癌的原因。弱势群体是非常年轻和非常老的人，易患高血压或骨质疏松症的人以及患有慢性肾脏病的人。那些长期暴露于内部化铀的人面临的长期风险更大。铀的积累可通过减少其吸收，分布和沉积并增加其与螯合剂的消除来减轻。可溶性螯合物的形成可以增强沉积在组织中的铀的动员，并加速其向肾脏系统的运输和从肾脏系统的清除。这篇综述的重点是使用螯合剂来增强铀的脱附，从而降低中毒的风险。

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