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Engineering aspects of ferrate in water and wastewater treatment - a review

机译:高铁酸盐在水和废水处理中的工程研究-综述

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There is renewed interest in the tetra-oxy compound of +6 oxidation states of iron, ferrate(Ⅵ) (Fe~Ⅵ O_4~(2-)), commonly called ferrate. Ferrate has the potential in cleaner ("greener") technologies for water treatment and remediation processes, as it produces potentially less toxic byproducts than other treatment chemicals (e.g., chlorine). Ferrate has strong potential to oxidize a number of contaminants, including sulfur- and nitrogen-containing compounds, estrogens, and antibiotics. This oxidation capability of ferrate combines with its efficient disinfection and coagulation properties as a multi-purpose treatment chemical in a single dose. This review focuses on the engineering aspects of ferrate use at the pilot scale to remove contaminants in and enhance physical treatment of water and wastewater. In most of the pilot-scale studies, in-line and on-line electrochemical ferrate syntheses have been applied. In this ferrate synthesis, ferrate was directly prepared in solution from an iron anode, followed by direct addition to the contaminant stream. Some older studies applied ferrate as a solid. This review presents examples of removing a range of contaminants by adding ferrate solution to the stream. Results showed that ferrate alone and in combination with additional coagulants can reduce total suspended solids (TSS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), and organic matter. Ferrate also oxidizes cyanide, sulfide, arsenic, phenols, anilines, and dyes and disinfects a variety of viruses and bacteria. Limitations and drawbacks of the application of ferrate in treating contaminated water on the pilot scale are also presented.
机译:人们对铁的高价铁酸盐(Ⅵ)(Fe〜ⅥO_4〜(2-))具有+6氧化态的四氧基化合物有了新的兴趣。高铁酸盐在用于水处理和修复过程的更清洁(“更绿色”)技术中具有潜力,因为它产生的毒性副产物可能比其他处理化学品(例如氯)少。高铁酸盐具有氧化多种污染物的强大潜力,其中包括含硫和氮的化合物,雌激素和抗生素。高铁酸盐的这种氧化能力与其有效的消毒和凝结特性相结合,可作为单一剂量的多用途处理化学品。这篇评论集中在中试规模的高铁酸盐使用的工程方面,以去除水中的污染物并增强对水和废水的物理处理。在大多数中试规模研究中,已应用在线和在线电化学高铁酸盐合成。在该高铁酸盐合成中,从铁阳极直接在溶液中制备高铁酸盐,然后直接添加到污染物流中。一些较早的研究将高铁酸盐用作固体。这篇综述介绍了通过向流中添加高铁酸盐溶液来去除一系列污染物的实例。结果表明,单独使用高铁酸盐并与其他混凝剂组合可以降低总悬浮固体(TSS),化学需氧量(COD),生物需氧量(BOD)和有机物。高铁酸盐还氧化氰化物,硫化物,砷,酚,苯胺和染料,并对各种病毒和细菌进行消毒。还介绍了在中试规模上使用高铁酸盐处理污水的局限性和缺点。

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