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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Environmental Science and Health. A, Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering >A unified method to process biosolids samples for the recovery of bacterial, viral, and helminths pathogens
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A unified method to process biosolids samples for the recovery of bacterial, viral, and helminths pathogens

机译：处理生物固体样品以回收细菌，病毒和蠕虫病原体的统一方法

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摘要

For land application, biosolids are classified as Class A or Class B based on the levels of bacterial, viral, and helminths pathogens in residual biosolids. The current EPA methods for the detection of these groups of pathogens in biosolids include discrete steps. Therefore, a separate sample is processed independently to quantify the number of each group of the pathogens in biosolids. The aim of the study was to develop a unified method for simultaneous processing of a single biosolids sample to recover bacterial, viral, and helminths pathogens. At the first stage for developing a simultaneous method, nine eluents were compared for their efficiency to recover viruses from a 100 gm spiked biosolids sample. In the second stage, the three top performing eluents were thoroughly evaluated for the recovery of bacteria, viruses, and helminthes. For all three groups of pathogens, the glycine-based eluent provided higher recovery than the beef extract-based eluent. Additional experiments were performed to optimize performance of glycine-based eluent under various procedural factors such as, solids to eluent ratio, stir time, and centrifugation conditions. Last, the new method was directly compared with the EPA methods for the recovery of the three groups of pathogens spiked in duplicate samples of biosolids collected from different sources. For viruses, the new method yielded up to 10% higher recoveries than the EPA method. For bacteria and helminths, recoveries were 74% and 83% by the new method compared to 34% and 68% by the EPA method, respectively. The unified sample processing method significantly reduces the time required for processing biosolids samples for different groups of pathogens; it is less impacted by the intrinsic variability of samples, while providing higher yields (P = 0.05) and greater consistency than the current EPA methods.
机译：对于土地应用，根据残留生物固体中细菌，病毒和蠕虫病原体的水平，将生物固体分类为A类或B类。目前用于检测生物固体中这些病原体组的EPA方法包括不连续的步骤。因此，单独处理一个单独的样品以量化生物固体中每组病原体的数量。该研究的目的是开发一种统一的方法，用于同时处理单个生物固体样品，以回收细菌，病毒和蠕虫病原体。在开发同步方法的第一阶段，比较了九种洗脱液从100 gm加标生物固体样品中回收病毒的效率。在第二阶段，对三种性能最高的洗脱液进行了细菌，病毒和蠕虫的回收率的全面评估。对于所有三类病原体，基于甘氨酸的洗脱液的回收率均高于基于牛肉提取物的洗脱液。在各种程序因素（例如，固体与洗脱液的比例，搅拌时间和离心条件）下，进行了其他实验以优化基于甘氨酸的洗脱液的性能。最后，将新方法与EPA方法直接进行了比较，以回收加标自不同来源的生物固体重复样品中的三组病原体。对于病毒，新方法的回收率比EPA方法高出10％。对于细菌和蠕虫，新方法的回收率分别为74％和83％，而EPA方法分别为34％和68％。统一的样品处理方法大大减少了处理不同病原体组的生物固体样品所需的时间；与当前的EPA方法相比，它受样品内在变异性的影响较小，同时提供了更高的产率（P = 0.05）和更高的一致性。

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