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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Environmental Science and Health. A, Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering >Three-Dimensional Modeling of Fecal Coliform in the Tidal Basin and Washington Channel, Washington, DC
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Three-Dimensional Modeling of Fecal Coliform in the Tidal Basin and Washington Channel, Washington, DC

机译：潮汐盆地和华盛顿河道粪便大肠菌群的三维建模

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摘要

Fecal coliform are widely used as bacterial indicator in the United States and around the world. Fecal coliform impaired water is highly possible to be polluted by pathogenic bacteria. The Tidal Basin and Washington Channel in Washington, DC are on the Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) list due to the high fecal coliform level. To support TMDL development, a three-dimensional numerical model of fecal coliform was developed using the EFDC framework. The model calculates the transport of fecal coliform under the influences of flap gate operations and tidal elevation. The original EFDC code was modified to calculate the die-off of fecal coliform under the impact of temperature and solar radiation intensity. The watershed contribution is expressed as storm water inflow and the load carried by the runoff. Model results show that fecal coliform vary strongly in space in both the Tidal Basin and Washington Channel. The storm water only impacts a small area around the storm water outfall in the Tidal Basin and the impacts are negligible in the Washington Channel due to dilution. The water from the Potomac River may affect the fecal coliform level in the area close to the flap gate in the Tidal Basin. The fecal coliform level in the Washington Channel is mainly controlled by the fecal coliform level in the Anacostia River, which is located at the open boundary of the Washington Channel. The potential sediment layer storage of fecal coliform was analyzed and it was found that the sediment layer fecal coliform level could be much higher than the water column fecal coliform level and becomes a secondary source under high bottom shear stress condition. The developed model built solid connection of fecal coliform source and concentration in the water column and has been used to develop TMDL.
机译：粪便大肠菌在美国和世界各地被广泛用作细菌指示剂。粪便大肠菌素受损的水极有可能被病原菌污染。由于粪便中大肠菌群水平高，华盛顿特区的潮汐盆地和华盛顿海峡在“每日最大总载重量”（TMDL）列表中。为了支持TMDL的开发，使用EFDC框架开发了粪便大肠菌的三维数值模型。该模型计算了襟翼闸门操作和潮汐高度影响下粪便大肠菌的运输。修改了原始的EFDC代码，以计算在温度和太阳辐射强度的影响下粪大肠菌的死亡。分水岭的贡献表示为雨水流入量和径流所承载的负荷。模型结果表明，潮汐盆地和华盛顿海峡的粪大肠菌群在空间上变化很大。雨水仅影响潮汐盆地雨水排放口周围的一小部分，而由于稀释，在华盛顿海峡的影响可忽略不计。来自波托马克河的水可能会影响潮汐盆地闸门附近地区的粪大肠菌群水平。华盛顿海峡的粪大肠菌群水平主要由位于华盛顿海峡开放边界的Anacostia河中的粪大肠菌群水平控制。分析了粪大肠菌群的潜在沉积物储层，发现粪便大肠菌群的沉积物水平可能比水柱粪便大肠菌的水平高得多，并在高底切应力条件下成为次要来源。所开发的模型建立了粪便大肠菌源与水柱中浓度的牢固联系，并已用于开发TMDL。

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