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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Environmental Science and Health. A, Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering >Removal of Enteric Bacteria in Constructed Treatment Wetlands with Emergent Macrophytes: A Review
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Removal of Enteric Bacteria in Constructed Treatment Wetlands with Emergent Macrophytes: A Review

机译：人工大植物在治疗性湿地中去除肠道细菌的研究进展

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Domestic and municipal sewage contains various pathogenic or potentially pathogenic microorganisms which, depending on species concentration, pose a potential risk to human health and whose presence must therefore be reduced in the course of wastewater treatment. The removal of microbiological pollution is seldom a primary target for constructed treatment wetlands (CWs). However, wetlands are known to act as excellent biofilters through a complex of physical, chemical and biological factors which all participate in the reduction of the number of bacteria. Measurement of human pathogenic organisms in untreated and treated wastewater is expensive and technically challenging. Consequently, environmental engineers have sought indicator organisms that are (1) easy to monitor and (2) correlate with population of pathogenic organisms. The most frequently used indicators are total coliforms, fecal coliforms, fecal streptococci and Escherichia coli. The literature survey of 60 constructed wetlands with emergent vegetation around the world revealed that removal of total and fecal coliforms in constructed wetlands with emergent macrophytes is high, usually 95 to > 99% while removal of fecal streptococci is lower, usually 80-95%. Because bacterial removal efficiency is a function of inflow bacteria number, the high removal effects are achieved for untreated or mechanically pretreated wastewater. Therefore, the outflow numbers of bacteria are more important. For TC and FC the outflow concentrations are usually in the range of 10~2 to 10~5 CFU/100 ml while for FS the range is between 10~2 and 10~4 CFU/100 ml. Results from operating systems suggest that enteric microbe removal efficiency in CWs with emergent macrophytes is primarily influenced by hydraulic loading rate (HLR) and the resultant hydraulic residence time (HRT) and the presence of vegetation. Removal of enteric bacteria follows approximately a first-order relationship.
机译：生活和市政污水中含有多种致病性或潜在致病性微生物，视物种浓度而定，它们对人类健康构成潜在风险，因此在废水处理过程中必须减少其存在。去除微生物污染很少是人工湿地处理的主要目标。但是，众所周知，湿地通过多种物理，化学和生物因素共同作用，成为了出色的生物过滤器，这些因素都参与了细菌数量的减少。未经处理和处理过的废水中人类致病生物的测量非常昂贵，并且在技术上具有挑战性。因此，环境工程师寻求的指示生物必须（1）易于监测，并且（2）与致病生物的种群相关。最常用的指标是大肠菌群，粪便大肠菌群，粪便链球菌和大肠杆菌。对全世界60个具有新兴植被的人工湿地的文献调查表明，具有大型生植物的人工湿地中总和粪便大肠菌群的去除率很高，通常为95％至> 99％，而粪链球菌的去除率较低，通常为80-95％。由于细菌去除效率是流入细菌数量的函数，因此对于未经处理或机械预处理的废水，可以实现较高的去除效果。因此，细菌的流出数量更为重要。对于TC和FC，流出浓度通常在10〜2至10〜5 CFU / 100 ml的范围内，而对于FS，在10〜2至10〜4 CFU / 100 ml的范围内。操作系统的结果表明，带有生水生植物的连续水处理厂对肠道微生物的去除效率主要受水力负荷率（HLR），水力停留时间（HRT）和植被的存在影响。肠细菌的去除大致遵循一阶关系。

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