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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Environmental Science and Health. A, Toxic/Hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering >The Geographic Distribution of Potential Risks Posed by Industrial Toxic Emissions in the U.S.
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The Geographic Distribution of Potential Risks Posed by Industrial Toxic Emissions in the U.S.

机译：美国工业有毒排放物潜在风险的地理分布

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摘要

The Toxics Release Inventory (TRI), compiled annually by the E1JA, has emerged as the most comprehensive database on industrial toxic emissions in the U.S. While various risk indicators and pollutant weighting methods have been developed to compare TRI emissions, these measures arc rarely used to examine the geography of potential risks posed by toxic emissions at the national scale. This article provides a geographic perspective on the evaluation of industrial pollution by exploring the spatial distribution o' the potential health and environmental impacts of TRI emissions across the U.S. Six indicators of potential risk based on the impact benchmarking concept are used to characterize specific human health and environmental concerns: carcinogenic toxicity, noncarcinogenic toxicity, ozone depletion, global warming, smog formation and acid rain formation. Air emission data from the 2000 TRI arc used to analyze the six potential impacts at the state level. The objectives are to: (a) examine and compare spatial variations in the distribution of these adverse impacts across the U.S.; and (b) identify the states facing the highest health and environmental risk from industrial toxic releases. The effect oi' differences in state area and population size on the distribution of the six potential impacts and state rankings for each category are also investigated. While Ohio and Texas receive the highest ranks in all risk categories, Louisiana and West Virginia represent the most''hazardous" slates when emissions are weighted by state area and population. The results demonstrate the need to examine the geographic variability of different risk indicators that are used to evaluate TR1 emissions, at multiple scales.
机译：E1JA每年汇编的《有毒物质排放清单》（TRI）已成为美国工业毒气排放最全面的数据库。尽管已开发出各种风险指标和污染物加权方法来比较TRI排放，但这些措施很少用于在全国范围内检查由有毒物质排放构成的潜在风险的地理位置。本文通过探索美国TRI排放物对健康和环境的潜在影响的空间分布，提供了工业污染评估的地理视角。基于影响基准概念的六种潜在风险指标用于表征特定的人类健康和环境问题：致癌毒性，非致癌毒性，臭氧消耗，全球变暖，烟雾形成和酸雨形成。来自2000 TRI弧线的空气排放数据用于分析州一级的六种潜在影响。目的是：（a）在美国范围内检查和比较这些不利影响的分布在空间上的变化； （b）确定因工业有毒物质释放而面临最高健康和环境风险的州。还研究了州面积和人口规模上的差异对六种潜在影响的分布以及每个类别的州排名的影响。俄亥俄州和德克萨斯州在所有风险类别中均排名最高，而路易斯安那州和西弗吉尼亚州则是按州面积和人口加权的排放量中“危害最大”的类别，结果表明需要检查不同风险指标的地理变异性，用于评估TR1排放，具有多个尺度。

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