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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >Ion transport in seminal and adventitious roots of cereals during O2 deficiency
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Ion transport in seminal and adventitious roots of cereals during O2 deficiency

机译：O 2 缺乏期间谷物精根和不定根的离子迁移

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摘要

O2 deficiency during soil waterlogging inhibits respiration in roots, resulting in severe energy deficits. Decreased root-to-shoot ratio and suboptimal functioning of the roots, result in nutrient deficiencies in the shoots. In N2-flushed nutrient solutions, wheat seminal roots cease growth, while newly formed adventitious roots develop aerenchyma, and grow, albeit to a restricted length. When reliant on an internal O2 supply from the shoot, nutrient uptake by adventitious roots was inhibited less than in seminal roots. Epidermal and cortical cells are likely to receive sufficient O2 for oxidative phosphorylation and ion transport. By contrast, stelar hypoxia–anoxia can develop so that H+-ATPases in the xylem parenchyma would be inhibited; the diminished H+ gradients and depolarized membranes inhibit secondary energy-dependent ion transport and channel conductances. Thus, the presence of two transport steps, one in the epidermis and cortex to accumulate ions from the solution and another in the stele to load ions into the xylem, is important for understanding the inhibitory effects of root zone hypoxia on nutrient acquisition and xylem transport, as well as the regulation of delivery to the shoots of unwanted ions, such as Na+. Improvement of waterlogging tolerance in wheat will require an increased capacity for root growth, and more efficient root functioning, when in anaerobic media.
机译：土壤淹水期间O 2 缺乏会抑制根系呼吸，导致严重的能量缺乏。根冠比降低和根部功能欠佳，导致芽中营养缺乏。在N 2 冲洗过的营养液中，小麦精根停止生长，而新形成的不定根则形成气孔并生长，尽管长度受限制。当依靠芽的内部O 2 供给时，不定根对养分的吸收比对精根的抑制作用要小。表皮和皮层细胞很可能接受足够的O 2 进行氧化磷酸化和离子转运。相比之下，可以发展出骨缺氧-缺氧，从而抑制木质部薄壁组织中的H + -ATPase。 H + 梯度减小和去极化的膜抑制了次级能量依赖的离子传输和通道电导。因此，存在两个运输步骤，一个在表皮和皮层中从溶液中积累离子，另一个在碑骨中将离子加载到木质部中，对于理解根区缺氧对养分获取和木质部运输的抑制作用非常重要。 ，以及对不需要的离子（例如Na + ）的芽传递的调节。在厌氧培养基中，提高小麦的耐涝性将需要增加其根系生长的能力，并需要更有效的根系功能。

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