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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >Auxin conjugates: their role for plant development and in the evolution of land plants
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Auxin conjugates: their role for plant development and in the evolution of land plants

机译：生长素结合物：它们在植物发育和陆地植物进化中的作用

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Auxin conjugates are thought to play important roles as storage forms for the active plant hormone indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). In its free form, IAA comprises only up to 25% of the total amount of IAA, depending on the tissue and the plant species studied. The major forms of IAA conjugate are low molecular weight ester or amide forms, but there is increasing evidence of the occurrence of peptides and proteins modified by IAA. Since the discovery of genes and enzymes involved in synthesis and hydrolysis of auxin conjugates, much knowledge has been gained on the biochemistry and function of these compounds, but there is still much to discover. For example, recent work has shown that some auxin conjugate hydrolases prefer conjugates with longer-chain auxins such as indole-3-propionic acid and indole-3-butyric acid as substrate. Also, the compartmentation of these reactions in the cell or in tissues has not been resolved in great detail. The function of auxin conjugates has been mainly elucidated by mutant analysis in genes for synthesis or hydrolysis and a possible function for conjugates inferred from these results. In the evolution of land plants auxin conjugates seem to be connected with the development of certain traits such as embryo, shoot, and vasculature. Most likely, the synthesis of auxin conjugates was developed first, since it has been already detected in moss, whereas sequences typical of auxin conjugate hydrolases were found according to database entries first in moss ferns. The implications for the regulation of auxin levels in different species will be discussed.
机译：生长素结合物被认为作为活性植物激素吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）的储存形式起着重要作用。游离形式的IAA仅占IAA总量的25％，这取决于所研究的组织和植物种类。 IAA偶联物的主要形式是低分子量酯或酰胺形式，但是越来越多的证据表明，IAA修饰的肽和蛋白质的存在。自从发现与生长素结合物的合成和水解有关的基因和酶以来，已经获得了关于这些化合物的生物化学和功能的许多知识，但仍有许多发现。例如，最近的工作表明，一些生长素共轭物水解酶更喜欢与长链生长素例如吲哚-3-丙酸和吲哚-3-丁酸作为底物的结合物。而且，这些反应在细胞或组织中的区室化还没有很详细地解决。生长素结合物的功能主要通过合成或水解基因突变分析来阐明，从这些结果推断出结合物的可能功能。在陆地植物的进化中，生长素结合物似乎与某些性状的发展有关，例如胚芽，芽和脉管系统。最有可能的是，生长素结合物的合成首先被开发出来，因为它已经在苔藓中被检测到了，而生长素结合物水解酶的典型序列首先是根据数据库条目在苔藓蕨中发现的。将讨论不同物种中生长素水平调节的意义。

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