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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >Nitrogen nutrient status induces sexual differences in responses to cadmium in Populus yunnanensis
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Nitrogen nutrient status induces sexual differences in responses to cadmium in Populus yunnanensis

机译：氮素营养状况诱发云南杨对镉的反应性差异

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摘要

Populus yunnanensis was employed as a model species to detect sexual differences in growth, physiological, biochemical, and ultrastructural responses to cadmium (Cd) stress, nitrogen (N) deposition, and their combination. Compared with the control conditions, Cd decreased plant biomass, damaged the photosynthetic apparatus, visible as a decreased maximum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII; Fv/Fm) and effective quantum yield of PSII (Yield), depressed gas exchange capacity, and induced oxidative stress, visible as the disruption of antioxidative enzymes and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), in both sexes. On the other hand, Cd toxicity was mitigated by the recovery of gas exchange capacity, a decrease in ROS, and improvement of the redox imbalance in both sexes when N deposition was applied. However, males showed a higher gas exchange capacity, lower enzyme inhibition and ROS accumulation, stronger abilities to maintain cellular redox homeostasis, and a better maintenance of chloroplast ultrastructure than did females when exposed to Cd stress alone. Although males exhibited a higher Cd content in leaves than did females, males also accumulated higher levels of non-protein thiols (NP-SHs) and free amino acids (FAAs) for detoxification than did females. Sexual differences induced by Cd, visible, for example, in Fv/Fm, Yield, net photosynthesis rate (A), and stomatal conductance (gs), decreased under N deposition, as no significant differences between the sexes existed in these parameters under the combined treatment. The results indicated that females are more sensitive to Cd stress and suffer more injuries than do males. Moreover, N deposition can mitigate Cd toxicity and decrease sexual differences in Cd sensitivity.
机译：云南杨（Populus yunnanensis）被用作模型物种，以检测对镉（Cd）胁迫，氮（N）沉积及其组合的生长，生理，生化和超微结构反应的性别差异。与控制条件相比，镉降低了植物的生物量，破坏了光合作用，可见光系统II（PSII; F v / F m ）的最大效率降低，且有效。 PSII的量子产率（产率），降低的气体交换能力和诱导的氧化应激，可见为两性中抗氧化酶的破坏和活性氧（ROS）的积累。另一方面，施用氮沉积后，气体交换能力的恢复，ROS的减少以及两性氧化还原失衡的改善减轻了Cd的毒性。然而，与单独暴露于镉胁迫下的雌性相比，雄性显示出更高的气体交换能力，更低的酶抑制和ROS积累，更强的维持细胞氧化还原稳态的能力以及更好的叶绿体超微结构维持能力。尽管雄性叶片中的Cd含量高于雌性，但雄性中的非蛋白质硫醇（NP-SHs）和游离氨基酸（FAA）的积累水平也高于雌性。镉引起的性别差异，例如F v / F m ，产量，净光合作用率（A）和气孔导度（g s ）在氮沉降下有所降低，因为在联合处理下，这些参数的性别之间没有显着差异。结果表明，女性对镉胁迫的敏感性比男性高。此外，氮的沉积可以减轻镉的毒性并减少镉敏感性的性别差异。

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