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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Botany >Cytokinins in the perianth, carpels, and developing fruit of Helleborus niger L.
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Cytokinins in the perianth, carpels, and developing fruit of Helleborus niger L.

机译：黑鸢尾花的花被，心皮和正在发育的果实中的细胞分裂素。

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摘要

Reproductive development in the Christmas rose (Helleborus niger L.) differs from that in commonly investigated model plants in two important aspects: (i) the perianth develops a photosynthetic system, after fertilization, and persists until seed ripening; and (ii) the ripe seed contains an immature embryo which continues to mature off the mother plant. The possible roles of cytokinins in these processes are investigated here by analysing extracts of the perianth and the carpels/maturing fruit prepared during anthesis and four stages of post-floral development. trans-Zeatin, dihydrozeatin, N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenine, and their ribosides were identified by tandem mass spectrometry. Single ion monitoring in the presence of deuterated internal standards demonstrated the additional presence of the corresponding riboside-5′-monophosphates, O-glucosides, and 9-glucosides, and afforded quantitative data on the whole set of endogenous cytokinins. Fruit cytokinins were mostly localized in the seeds. Their overall concentrations increased dramatically during early seed development and remained high for 6–8 weeks, until shortly before seed ripening (the last time point covered in this work). Overall cytokinin levels in the perianth did not change markedly in the period covered, but the level of N6-(Δ2-isopentenyl)adenine-type cytokinins appeared to increase slightly and transiently during the greening phase. The perianths of unpollinated or depistillated flowers, which survived, but did not pass through the complete greening process, contained significantly less cytokinins than observed in fruit-bearing flowers. This suggests that perianth greening requires defined cytokinin levels and supports the role of the developing fruit in their maintenance.
机译：圣诞玫瑰（Helleborus niger L.）的生殖发育与通常研究的模型植物在两个重要方面不同：（i）花被受精后会发展光合系统，并持续到种子成熟为止； （ii）成熟的种子含有未成熟的胚，该胚继续在母本植物上成熟。通过分析在花期和花后发育四个阶段制备的花被和心皮/成熟果实的提取物，研究了细胞分裂素在这些过程中的可能作用。反式玉米素，二氢玉米素，N 6 -（Δ 2 -异戊烯基）腺嘌呤，并通过串联质谱法鉴定它们的核苷。在氘化内标物存在下的单离子监测表明相应核糖苷5'-单磷酸酯，O-葡萄糖苷和9-葡萄糖苷的存在，并提供了整套内源性细胞分裂素的定量数据。水果细胞分裂素大多位于种子中。在种子早期发育期间，它们的总浓度急剧增加，并保持6-8周的高水平，直到种子成熟前不久（本工作涵盖的最后一个时间点）。花被膜上的总细胞分裂素水平在所涵盖的时期内没有明显变化，但是N 6 -（Δ 2 -异戊烯基）腺嘌呤型细胞分裂素的水平似乎略有增加并在绿化阶段短暂过渡。可以存活但未通过完整的绿化过程的未授粉或去皮花的花被膜所含的细胞分裂素比在水果中所观察到的少得多。这表明花被绿化需要确定的细胞分裂素水平，并支持发育中的果实在其维持中的作用。

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