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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Composition of phytodetrital food resources affects reproductive success in the deposit-feeding sea cucumber, Parastichopus californicus (Stimpson 1857)
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Composition of phytodetrital food resources affects reproductive success in the deposit-feeding sea cucumber, Parastichopus californicus (Stimpson 1857)

机译：植物碎屑食物资源的组成会影响以沉积物为食的海参Parastichopus californicus（Stimpson 1857）的繁殖成功。

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Phytoplankton are important sources of dietary fatty acids (FAs) for higher trophic levels, yet FA composition varies among phytoplankton taxa, and under different growth conditions. Changes in the environment that lead to shifts in the composition of phytoplankton communities may thus alter FA supply in marine food chains. Reproductive processes in free-spawning marine invertebrates, which provision eggs with lipid to fuel early embryonic development, are particularly impacted by FA composition of the diet. In order to explore the effects of taxonomic changes in the source of phytodetrital food resources on invertebrate consumers, we conducted captive feeding experiments to examine differences in reproductive fitness of deposit-feeding sea cucumbers (Parastichopus californicus) fed two different algal diets. Body- and egg-condition variables were measured in females that were fed detritus of either the green alga Tetraselmis sp. or the diatom Thalassiosira sp., which differ in nutritional and FA composition. Subsequent timing of development and survival were recorded for pre- and post-feeding larval stages. FA analyses were conducted on feeds, spawned gonads, and eggs to identify specific FAs allocated to reproduction. Females that were fed Tetraselmis sp. had higher fecundity, but showed reduced larval survival relative to females that were fed the diatom Thalassiosira sp. Similar rates of larval development were recorded in both treatments. Significant differences were observed in the abundance of 20:5 omega 3 (EPA), 20:4 omega 4 (ARA), 22:3 omega 6 (DHA), 12:0, 16:0, and 18:0 FAs in eggs and gonads from females fed the two diets. Diet related variation in fecundity and egg quality could directly affect recruitment success in P. californicus, and suggests that reproductive strategies may be altered under different environmental conditions. If feeding conditions are favorable to planktotrophic larvae, then producing a larger number of eggs with lower energy density (such as under Tetraselmis-fed treatments) may be acceptable, whereas different conditions may favor maternal investment in a smaller number of better-provisioned eggs (such as in Thalassiosira-fed treatments).
机译：浮游植物是较高营养水平的重要膳食脂肪酸（FAs）来源，但FA组成在浮游植物类群之间以及在不同生长条件下会有所不同。导致浮游植物群落组成发生变化的环境变化可能会改变海洋食物链中脂肪酸的供应。日粮中脂肪酸的组成特别影响自由繁殖的海洋无脊椎动物的繁殖过程，该过程为鸡蛋提供脂质以促进早期胚胎发育。为了探究植物性碎屑食物资源来源的分类变化对无脊椎动物消费者的影响，我们进行了圈养喂养实验，以研究以两种藻类饮食喂养的以存款喂养的海参（Parastichopus californicus）的繁殖适应性差异。在饲喂了绿藻Tetraselmis sp。碎屑的雌性中测量了身体和卵的状况变量。或硅藻Thalassiosira sp。，它们的营养成分和FA成分不同。在喂食前和喂食后幼虫阶段记录随后的发育和存活时间。对饲料，产卵性腺和卵进行了FA分析，以确定分配给繁殖的特定FA。被喂食Tetraselmis sp。的雌性。具有较高的繁殖力，但与喂硅藻Thalassiosira sp的雌性相比，幼虫存活率降低。两种处理均记录到相似的幼虫发育率。鸡蛋中20：5 omega 3（EPA），20：4 omega 4（ARA），22：3 omega 6（DHA），12：0、16：0和18：0 FAs的丰度存在显着差异雌性的性腺和两种饮食。与饮食有关的繁殖力和卵质的变化可能直接影响加州对虾的募集成功，并表明在不同的环境条件下生殖策略可能会改变。如果饲喂条件对浮游性幼虫有利，则可以生产大量能量密度较低的卵（例如在四价硒喂养的处理下），而不同的条件可能有利于母体投资少量生产更好的卵（例如在Thalassiosira喂养的疗法中）。

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