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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Biomechanics and behaviour in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) when facing gradually increasing water flows
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Biomechanics and behaviour in the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) when facing gradually increasing water flows

机译：海胆Paracentrotus lividus（Lamarck，1816）面对逐渐增加的水流量时的生物力学和行为

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摘要

Water motion, because of its potential to dislodge intertidal organisms, plays a crucial role in shaping marine communities as it creates available spaces suitable for interactions, settlement and colonization. To understand how water flow influences the behavioural ecology of benthic species such as echinoids, we investigated how the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamark, 1816) can cope with increasing flow velocities through a biomechanical and behavioural approach. Whereas sea urchins maintained in static conditions for several weeks showed weak adhesive properties, they immediately reacted to increasing hydrodynamic forces. Sea urchins were dislodged at a flow velocity of about 70 cm s(-1), with a few individuals enduring up to 90 cm s(-1). This response was modulated by two behavioural strategies: (1) at low flow velocities, an escaping strategy characterized by fast upstream locomotion relying on tube feet; and (2) above a threshold flow, a streamlining strategy characterized by changes in overall shape and spines orientation, accompanied by a fast decrease of the animal's movement until complete immobility. Although the threshold at which the switch in behaviour occurs and the detachment velocities were both probably underestimated because individuals were aquarium-acclimatized, the behavioural sequence reported reveals how P. lividus can avoid or withstand rough weather conditions. From an ecological perspective, the occurrence of a range of water velocities too slow to dislodge sea urchins but sufficient to inhibit their active movement is relevant to understand how echinoids can structure benthic communities by controlling macroalgae development through their grazing activity.
机译：水运动由于具有驱除潮间带生物的潜力，因此在塑造海洋群落中起着至关重要的作用，因为它创造了适合相互作用，定居和殖民化的可用空间。为了了解水流如何影响底栖物种（例如类固醇）的行为生态学，我们研究了海胆Paracentrotus lividus（Lamark，1816年）如何通过生物力学和行为方法应对流速的增加。尽管海胆在静态条件下放置数周仍表现出较弱的粘合性能，但它们却立即对增加的流体动力做出了反应。海胆以约70 cm s（-1）的流速被驱除，少数个体的寿命长达90 cm s（-1）。这种反应受到两种行为策略的调节：（1）在低流速下，逃避策略的特征是依靠管脚快速上游移动； （2）在阈值流量以上，一种流线型策略，其特征在于整体形状和脊椎方向的变化，伴随着动物运动的快速减少，直到完全不动为止。尽管由于个体已适应水族箱，所以行为转换的阈值和脱离速度都可能被低估了，但所报告的行为顺序揭示了青紫假单胞菌如何能够避免或承受恶劣的天气条件。从生态学的角度来看，一定范围的水流速度太慢而无法移动海胆，但足以抑制海胆的活动，这与了解类chin碱如何通过放牧活动控制大型藻类的发育来构造底栖生物群落有关。

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    Cohen-Rengifo Mishal; Aguera Antonio; Detrain Claire; Bouma Tjeerd J.; Dubois Philippe; Flammang Patrick;

  • 作者单位

    Univ Mons, Inst Rech Biosci, Lab Biol Organismes Marins & Biomimetisme, 23 Pl Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium;

    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Lab Biol Marine CP160 15, CP160-15,50 Av FD Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium;

    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Lab Ecol Sociale, CP231,Blvd Triomphe, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium;

    Univ Utrecht, Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res NIOZ, Dept Estuarine & Delta Syst, POB 140, NL-4400 AC Yerseke, Netherlands;

    Univ Libre Bruxelles, Lab Biol Marine CP160 15, CP160-15,50 Av FD Roosevelt, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium;

    Univ Mons, Inst Rech Biosci, Lab Biol Organismes Marins & Biomimetisme, 23 Pl Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Attachment; Flow; Mechanics; Shape; Behaviour; Sea urchin;

    机译：附件;流动;力学;形状;行为;海胆;

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