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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Complex interactions between nutrient enrichment and zooplankton in regulating estuarine phytoplankton assemblages: Microcosm experiments informed by an environmental dataset
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Complex interactions between nutrient enrichment and zooplankton in regulating estuarine phytoplankton assemblages: Microcosm experiments informed by an environmental dataset

机译：营养物质富集与浮游动物在调节河口浮游植物组合中的复杂相互作用：环境数据集的微观实验

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The interactive effects of nutrients and zooplankton grazing on phytoplankton assemblage composition and bloom formation are not well understood, especially in coastal ecosystems. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate phytoplankton assemblage responses to changing environmental conditions in Raritan Bay, an estuary between the states of New York and New Jersey with a long history of cultural eutrophication and harmful algal blooms (HABs). Environmental monitoring of water quality and plankton species composition (monthly data collected from April 2010-April 2013), multivariate ordination techniques, and microcosm experiments were integrated to achieve this objective. Multivariate analysis of the monitoring dataset led to the generation of a number of hypotheses regarding phytoplankton composition, individual nuisance species, environmental factors, and zooplankton composition. The field observations were then supplemented with a series of controlled microcosm experiments designed to test those hypotheses. In particular, the effects and interaction of varying mesozooplankton abundance (sieved, unsieved and enriched) and enrichment with two nutrients (nitrate and dissolved iron) on spring and summer phytoplanlcton assemblages were evaluated. The environmental monitoring data and the results of the microcosm experiments both indicate that Si:N ratios are important factors governing phytoplankton dynamics in Raritan Bay and that effects of nutrient enrichment on phytoplankton species composition are magnified when mesozooplankton abundance is low. The microcosm experiments, however, led to unexpected results regarding the influence of iron on phytoplankton assemblages. Iron did not emerge as one of the environmental parameters related to spring and summer phytoplankton species composition in the multivariate analysis of field data. Yet, enrichment with iron in microcosms resulted in significant increases in diatoms, and enrichment with both iron and nitrate resulted in significant increases in dinoflagellates and HAB taxa, including Heterocapsa triquetra (Ehrenberg) Stein and Dinophysis spp. This finding suggests that small pulses of iron, in combination with low Si:N ratios (<1) and low mesozooplankton abundance, would shift phytoplankton assemblages in Raritan Bay toward greater dinoflagellate dominance. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：养分和浮游动物对浮游植物组合物组成和水华形成的相互作用的影响还不清楚，特别是在沿海生态系统中。因此，本研究的目的是评估纽约州和新泽西州之间的河口Raritan湾对浮游植物群落变化的环境条件的响应，该河口具有悠久的文化富营养化和有害藻华（HABs）历史。水质和浮游生物种类组成的环境监测（每月数据从2010年4月至2013年4月收集），多变量排序技术和微观实验相结合，以实现这一目标。监测数据集的多变量分析导致了有关浮游植物组成，单个有害物种，环境因素和浮游动物组成的许多假设的产生。然后，对野外观测资料进行一系列旨在检验这些假设的受控微观实验，以作为补充。特别是，评估了春季和夏季浮游植物组合的中游浮游植物丰度（筛分，未筛分和富集）和两种营养素（硝酸盐和溶解的铁）富集的影响和相互作用。环境监测数据和微观实验结果均表明，硅：氮比是控制力登湾浮游植物动态的重要因素，而中游浮游植物的丰度低时，营养物富集对浮游植物种类组成的影响会放大。然而，微观实验导致了关于铁对浮游植物组合的影响的出乎意料的结果。在田间数据的多变量分析中，铁没有作为与春季和夏季浮游植物种类组成相关的环境参数之一出现。然而，在微观世界中富集铁导致硅藻显着增加，而铁和硝酸盐都富集导致鞭毛藻和HAB类群显着增加，其中包括黑头藻（Ehrenberg）Stein和Dinophysis spp。这一发现表明，小脉冲的铁与低的Si：N比（<1）和低的中游浮游生物丰度相结合，会使Raritan湾的浮游植物组合向更大的鞭毛藻优势地位转移。 （C）2016 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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