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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Wave action and starvation modulate intra-annual variation in displacement, microhabitat selection, and ability to contact prey in the common sea star, Asterias rubens Linnaeus
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Wave action and starvation modulate intra-annual variation in displacement, microhabitat selection, and ability to contact prey in the common sea star, Asterias rubens Linnaeus

机译：波浪作用和饥饿会调节位移，微生境的选择以及与普通海星Asterias rubens Linnaeus接触猎物的能力的年内变化。

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摘要

The common sea star, Asterias rubens, is a major predator in the rocky subtidal zone in the northern Gulf of St. Lawrence and along the Atlantic coast of Newfoundland, Canada. Knowledge about the ecology of A. rubens in these highly seasonal systems is largely limited to studies of interspecific competition for prey. Two experiments in an oscillatory wave tank were used to test the hypothesis that wave action and starvation modulate displacement, microhabitat selection, and ability to contact mussel (Mytilus edulis) prey in A. rubens from southeastern Newfoundland. Both experiments were carried out in two seasons (winter and summer) to quantify intra-annual variation in the effects of wave action (three wave velocities: null [0.0 m s(-1)], low [0.1 m s(-1)], and high [0.2 m s(-1)]) and starvation (two levels: fed and starved three weeks). Experiment 1, in which two sea stars were allowed to displace and make contact with six microhabitats typifying natural seabed heterogeneity, showed that A. rubens displaced up to 50% less with increasing wave velocity. Displacement was 120% higher in summer than winter and lower in starved than fed individuals in summer only. The sea star predominantly stayed on flat horizontal surfaces, did so more frequently in the presence than absence of waves, and spent more time in the two most uneven microhabitats in winter than summer regardless of wave velocity. Experiment 2, in which one sea star in the centre of a depression was allowed to move to the top of surrounding mounds, showed that more sea stars that left the centre of the depression reached the top of the mounds in summer than winter, in the absence than presence of waves, and when starved than fed. Sea stars that reached the top of mounds spent more time there in the presence than absence of mussels in summer only, when starved than fed in summer only, and in the presence than absence of mussels at null and low wave velocities. Measurements of wave height, sea temperature, and A. rubens abundance over six months at one subtidal site indicated that the sea star was >4 times more abundant at 8 m than at 2 m and 4 m. This difference was unrelated to temperature and likely mainly caused by the wave environment. Collectively, results demonstrate that wave action, and to a lesser extent starvation, are key modulators of the inclination and ability of A. rubens to explore its environment and localize prey. In southeastern Newfoundland, the response of A. rubens to wave action and starvation is adaptable, being generally stronger in summer than winter, when sea temperature is markedly lower. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：常见的海星Asterias rubens是圣劳伦斯湾北部和加拿大纽芬兰的大西洋沿岸岩石潮下带的主要食肉动物。在这些高度季节性的系统中，有关红曲霉生态学的知识主要限于种间对猎物竞争的研究。在振荡波罐中进行了两项实验，以检验以下假设：波动和饥饿会调节位移，微生境选择以及接触纽芬兰东南部鲁氏拟南芥捕食贻贝（Mytilus edulis）猎物的能力。两项实验均在两个季节（冬季和夏季）中进行，以量化波浪作用影响的年内变化（三种波浪速度：零[0.0 ms（-1）]，低[0.1 ms（-1）]，和高[0.2 ms（-1）]）和饥饿（两个级别：饱食和饥饿三周）。实验1中，两个海星被允许移动并与六个代表自然海床异质性的微生境接触，结果表明，随着波速的增加，红曲霉的位移减少了50％。仅在夏季，夏季的位移比冬季高120％，饥饿的人的位移比夏季低。该海星主要停留在平坦的水平表面上，在有波存在的情况下比在没有波存在的情况下更频繁地发生，并且与波速无关，冬季在两个最不平坦的微生境中花费的时间要多于夏季。实验2中，一个凹陷中心的海星被允许移动到周围丘陵的顶部，结果表明，离开凹陷中心的海星在夏季到达冬天丘顶的数量要多于冬天。缺乏比波浪的存在，饥饿时比饱食。到达丘顶的海星在那里呆的时间要比仅在夏季没有贻贝的情况下长，在饥饿时要比仅在夏季喂食的时间长，并且在零波和低波速下存在贻贝的时间要多于没有贻贝的时间。在一个潮下位点六个月内对海浪高度，海水温度和红曲霉的丰度进行了测量，结果表明，在8 m处，海星的丰富度是2 m和4 m处的> 4倍。这种差异与温度无关，可能主要是由波浪环境引起的。总的来说，结果表明，波浪作用和较小程度的饥饿是红曲霉探索其环境和定位猎物的倾向和能力的关键调节器。在纽芬兰东南部，红曲霉对波浪作用和饥饿的反应是适应性的，夏季通常比冬季强，而海水温度明显较低，因此夏季。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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