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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Foraging decisions of a native whelk, Trochia cingulata Linnaeus, and the effects of invasive mussels on prey choice
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Foraging decisions of a native whelk, Trochia cingulata Linnaeus, and the effects of invasive mussels on prey choice

机译：觅食决策的一种天然的海螺，Trochia cingulata Linnaeus，以及贻贝对猎物选择的影响

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Biological invasions, which are occurring at an increasing rate, are recognised as major drivers of environmental change. Impacts from non-native species are particularly pertinent to species interactions, such as those between predators and prey. In this regard, impacts of invasive predators on their native prey have been widely examined, while the impacts of invasive prey on native predators have been largely overlooked. Here we investigate the impact of invasive mussel species on foraging decisions of a native predatory whelk, Trochia cingulata, on the West Coast of South Africa. This coastline has been subject to a number of mussel invasions, resulting in changes to intertidal communities and hence the foraging landscapes of mussel predators. We compared present day survey data with that from 30 years ago and found significant changes in the mussel assemblage available to the whelk. The native mussel Choromytilus meridionalis was no longer present on the shore, and there were reduced abundances of the native Aulacomya atra. On the other hand there were increases in the invasive Mytilus galloprovincialis, with the detection of a second invader Semimytilus algosus. We then examined predation by whelks on the different mussel species in laboratory feeding trials. When presented with single prey species, whelks consumed greater numbers of the invasive M. galloprovincialis and S. algosus compared to A. atra, which was previously their preferred prey. Similarly when these mussels were provided in combination, greater numbers of the invasive species were consumed. Chemical cue trials indicated that whelks did not select prey based on chemical recognition, indicating that tactile stimulation was an important driver of prey choice. Although there was no overall difference in shell thickness at drilling sites among mussel species, drill holes were concentrated at the centre of the invasive mussel shells, while this was not observed in the native shells. No differences in energy content were found between mussel species, suggesting that whelks drilled in locations that maximised energy gain. Overall we found that native predatory whelks that previously preferentially consumed the native mussel had shifted their selection of prey towards the invasive species. Notably, familiarity with one invasive mussel appears to have facilitated the assimilation of a second morphologically similar invasive mussel into the diet of whelks. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
机译：越来越多的生物入侵被认为是环境变化的主要驱动力。非本地物种的影响尤其与物种之间的相互作用有关，例如掠食者与猎物之间的相互作用。在这方面，侵入性捕食者对其原生猎物的影响已得到广泛研究，而侵入性捕食者对其原生捕食者的影响却被大大忽略。在这里，我们调查入侵贻贝物种对南非西海岸本地掠食性大嘴蟹Trochia cingulata觅食决策的影响。该海岸线遭受了许多贻贝的入侵，导致潮间带群落发生变化，因此贻贝捕食者的觅食地貌。我们将当前的调查数据与30年前的数据进行了比较，发现可用于海螺的贻贝组合发生了显着变化。原生贻贝Choromytilus meridionalis不再存在于岸上，原生奥拉科米亚atra的丰度降低了。另一方面，随着第二个侵袭者Semimytilus algosus的发现，侵袭性Mytilus galloprovincialis有所增加。然后，我们在实验室喂养试验中研究了海螺对不同贻贝物种的捕食。当与单一猎物一起出现时，相较于以前是它们的首选猎物A. atra，它们的螺consumed消耗了更多的入侵性M. galloprovincialis和S. algosus。类似地，当组合提供这些贻贝时，消耗了更多的入侵物种。化学提示试验表明，胡蜂没有根据化学识别选择猎物，这表明触觉刺激是选择猎物的重要驱动力。尽管贻贝种类之间在钻探部位的壳厚度没有总体差异，但钻孔集中在侵入贻贝壳的中心，而在天然壳中未观察到。贻贝物种之间没有发现能量含量的差异，这表明在最佳能量获取位置钻过的海螺。总的来说，我们发现以前优先食用原生贻贝的原生掠食性海象已经将其捕食选择转移到了入侵物种上。值得注意的是，对一种侵入性贻贝的熟悉似乎促进了第二种形态相似的侵入性贻贝被同食于海藻饮食中。 （C）2015 Elsevier B.V.保留所有权利。

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