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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Morphological character changes through decapodid-stage larva and juveniles in the ghost shrimp Nihonotrypaea harmandi from western Kyushu, Japan: Clues for inferring pre- and post-settlement states and processes
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Morphological character changes through decapodid-stage larva and juveniles in the ghost shrimp Nihonotrypaea harmandi from western Kyushu, Japan: Clues for inferring pre- and post-settlement states and processes

机译：日本九州西部鬼虾Nihonotrypaea harmandi的十足阶段幼虫和幼体的形态特征变化：推断沉降前后状态和过程的线索

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Some decapod crustaceans release larvae from estuarine or coastal shores to coastal oceans. Decapodids (last-stage larvae) return home, settle, and metamorphose into juveniles Ⅰ, which go through further instars. Several morphological characters degenerate or develop in response to lifestyle transitions. Using a burrow-dwelling callianassid shrimp, Nihonotrypaea harmandi, inhabiting an intertidal sandflat in a coastal boundary layer adjacent to coastal ocean, this study described morphological changes and drew inferences about states and processes in its early life history. Decapodid and juveniles were differentiated by linea thalassinica on carapace. In the laboratory, the decapodid stage lasted 3-6 d. Given choice between sandy sediments from coastal ocean bed and adult habitat, decapodids exhibited no preference, suggesting broad receptiveness. The shortest durations of the juvenile-Ⅰ, -Ⅱ, and -Ⅲ were estimated at 6 d each. Starved decapodids normally metamorphosed into juveniles I, showing secondary lecithotrophy. The non-feeding state could be extended through the juvenile Ⅰ(and possibly juvenile Ⅱ), where the mean total lengths of shrimps reared in groups with food (diatoms) remained about 4.6 mm. Post-settlement decapodids reared individually resumed feeding. The rostrum lengths in decapodids were >0.36 mm on the initial two dates (Days 0 and 1), after which the mean values rapidly reduced to 0.30-0.36 mm on Day 2 and below 0.30 mm thereafter. The pereiopod exopods disappeared through the decapodid stage from four pairs to almost zero by Day 4. In the coastal ocean, no juveniles occurred, and almost all decapodids had rostrum lengths ≥0.30 mm and 3 or 4 pereiopod exopods, suggesting their pre-settlement state. Of the smallest shrimps collected on the sandflat for their subsequent rearing there, 74% were estimated to be Day-0 or -1 decapodids based on their rostrum lengths. This and the laboratory experimental results suggest (1) the acquisition of competence for settlement by newly-metamorphosed decapodids while in the coastal ocean, which was nevertheless realized there and (2) their rapid transport by flood tidal currents from coastal ocean to sandflat. The newly-settled decapodids grew steadily at 0.2 mm d~(-1) in total length. The reared juveniles reached the smallest adult size in 80 d. The uropod expod changed from elliptical to sub-circular in shape markedly around the termination of the juvenile Ⅱor Ⅲ, suggesting the acquisition of ventilating function for benthic life. Overall, the post-settlement shrimps can be staged by total-length ranges as 4-5.5 mm for decapodids, 5.5-10 mm for juveniles, and 10-20 mm for sub-adults.
机译：一些十足纲甲壳类动物将幼体从河口或沿海地区释放到沿海海洋。十足纲动物（最后阶段的幼虫）返回家园，定居并变质为Ⅰ号幼虫，这些幼虫经过了进一步的幼虫。几种形态特征会随着生活方式的转变而退化或发展。这项研究使用居住在洞穴中的卡利亚纳德虾（Nihonotrypaea harmandi）栖息在与沿海海洋相邻的沿海边界层的潮间带滩上，该研究描述了形态变化并得出了其早期生命状态和过程的推论。 line壳中的拟南芥区分了十足动物和幼鱼。在实验室中，堕落阶段持续了3-6天。如果在沿海海床和成年栖息地的沙质沉积物之间进行选择，十足动物没有任何偏好，表明它们具有广泛的接受性。 Ⅰ，－Ⅱ和－Ⅲ少年的最短持续时间估计为6 d。饥饿的十足动物通常会蜕变为少年I，表现出继发性萎缩。非摄食状态可以延伸到幼鱼Ⅰ（可能还有幼鱼Ⅱ），其中与食物（硅藻）成群饲养的虾的平均总长度保持在4.6 mm左右。结算后的大脚梭鱼单独饲养，恢复饲养。在最初的两个日期（第0天和第1天）中十足动物的讲台长度> 0.36 mm，此后平均值在第2天迅速降低至0.30-0.36 mm，此后低于0.30 mm。到了第四天，足骨外足动物从cap足阶段消失，从四对消失到几乎为零。在沿海海洋中，没有幼体发生，几乎所有足足动物的前肢长度≥0.30mm，并且足足三足动物有3或4个，表明它们处于沉降前状态。 。在沙平台上收集的最小虾中，供其在随后的池塘中养育时，根据其讲台的长度，估计有74％处于第0天或第-1天捕捞。该结果和实验室的实验结果表明：（1）在沿海海洋中，新变态的十足动物获得了定居能力，尽管如此，该能力仍得到实现；（2）潮汐潮流将其从沿海海洋快速运输到沙滩。新定居的十足动物在全长0.2 mm d〜（-1）处稳定生长。饲养的幼鱼在80 d内成年后最小。尾足类爆发物的形状从椭圆形转变为亚圆形，明显围绕少年Ⅱ或Ⅲ的末端，这暗示着对底栖生物具有通风功能。总体而言，定居后虾的总长度范围为：十足动物为4-5.5毫米，幼鱼为5.5-10毫米，亚成体为10-20毫米。

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