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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Temperature dependent larval duration and survival of the western king prawn, Penaeus (Melicertus) latisulcatus Kishinouye, from Spencer Gulf, South Australia
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Temperature dependent larval duration and survival of the western king prawn, Penaeus (Melicertus) latisulcatus Kishinouye, from Spencer Gulf, South Australia

机译：来自南澳大利亚斯宾塞湾的西国王虾对虾的温度依赖性幼体持续时间和存活率（Penaeus（Melicertus）latisulcatus Kishinouye）

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The effects of temperature on growth, development and survival of penaeid prawn larvae ultimately influence recruitment to fisheries. This is of particular importance for temperate prawn fisheries in South Australia that target the semi-tropical western king prawn Penaeus (Melicertus) latisulcatus. P. latisulcatus resides at its lower temperature limit in South Australia, where it is restricted to the warmer waters of the gulf and embayment systems. Duration and survival were determined for three larval stages of P. latisulcatus reared at constant temperatures: 17, 20, 22.5 and 25 ℃. Data were subsequently used to construct a larval development model to generate predictions of larval duration for varying hatch dates when water temperature was within spawning range (November-May) at two different spawning grounds within Spencer Gulf (north vs. south). Results demonstrated that water temperature had affected larval development, duration and subsequently total survival. A power relationship was found between temperature and larval duration such that lower temperatures exerted the greatest influence. Under a constant laboratory temperature regime, total larval development ranged from 12.7 days (at 24.4 ℃) to 31.3 days (at 17.1 ℃). Stage-specific duration was generally greatest for protozoea, while developmental variability among individuals was greatest at later stages and at higher temperatures. Daily survival (-98% day~(-1)) was similar between 17 ℃ (total end survival: 36%) and 25 ℃ (total end survival: 74%) treatments, suggesting the upper thermal tolerance limit is greater than mean water temperature maxima in temperate Spencer Gulf. A seasonal larval duration model predicted total duration to be shorter at the beginning of the spawning season (26.8 days: 9 November) due to increasing daily water temperatures, compared to later in the season (35.4 days: 29 May). Furthermore, larval duration was predicted to be significantly shorter in warmer northern (minimum 12.7 days) compared to southern (minimum 17.2 days) spawning grounds. These results improve the understanding of the factors that affect larval dispersal, settlement and recruitment of P. latisulcatus.
机译：温度对对虾虾幼虫生长，发育和存活的影响最终影响到渔业的征募。这对南澳大利亚的温带对虾渔业尤为重要，这种捕捞以半热带西部对虾对虾（Penaeuus（Melicertus）latisulcatus）为目标。南美白对虾（P. latisulcatus）处于南澳大利亚州的较低温度极限，在南澳大利亚州，它仅限于海湾和隔离系统的较温暖水域。确定了在恒定温度下饲养的17个，20、22.5和25℃的三个月熟P. latisulcatus的存活时间和存活率。随后将数据用于构建幼虫发育模型，以生成水温在Spencer海湾内两个不同产卵场（北与南）的产卵范围内（11月至5月）的不同孵化日期的幼虫持续时间的预测。结果表明，水温影响了幼虫的发育，持续时间和随后的总生存。发现温度与幼虫持续时间之间存在幂函数关系，因此较低的温度影响最大。在恒定的实验室温度下，幼虫的总发育时间为12.7天（在24.4℃时）至31.3天（在17.1℃时）。原生动物的阶段特定持续时间通常最大，而个体的发育变异性在后期和较高温度下最大。在17℃（总最终生存期：36％）和25℃（总最终生存期：74％）之间的日存活率（-98％，天〜（-1））相似，这表明热耐受上限大于平均水温带斯宾塞海湾的最高温度。季节性幼虫持续时间模型预测，由于每日水温升高，产卵季节开始时（26.8天：11月9日）的总持续时间要短于该季节后期（35.4天：5月29日）。此外，与南部（最少17.2天）产卵场相比，北部较温暖（最少12.7天）的幼虫期预计显着缩短。这些结果增进了对影响松散对虾幼虫扩散，沉降和募集的因素的理解。

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