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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Behavioral responses of minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) to experimental fishing gear in a coastal environment
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Behavioral responses of minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) to experimental fishing gear in a coastal environment

机译：沿海环境中小须鲸（Balaenoptera acutorostrata）对实验渔具的行为响应

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摘要

Whale entanglement in fishing gear is a global problem, and underwater ropes associated with this gear are often the cause of injuries that can lead to fatalities. Minke whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) are especially at risk because they are relatively small, widely distributed, and often occur in coastal habitats where many types of fishing gear are deployed. It is unknown whether minke whales can detect and avoid ropes associated with fishing gear. To address this question we conducted a series of field experiments to measure behavioral responses of nearshore minke whales to underwater ropes simulating crab and whelk fishing gear. We also investigated correlations between whale behaviors and specific environmental variables. Our methods involved both visual and acoustic monitoring of whale behaviors near experimental ropes and buoys of different colors. A remote sensing system was also used to simultaneously monitor oceanographic conditions, record underwater sounds, and capture underwater video of whales swimming near ropes. Minke whales (N = 42) decreased their swimming velocity and altered their bearing when passing near experimental ropes, especially during trials with white and black ropes. Some minkes (N = 7) also altered their underwater swimming trajectories when passing near ropes, and often appeared to produce low-frequency vocalizations. Collectively this information provides strong evidence that minke whales detect and react behaviorally to the presence of underwater ropes that simulate fishing gear in nearshore areas. We hypothesize that visual and perhaps passive acoustic sensory abilities may be the mechanisms behind these rope avoidance behaviors. We recommend that high contrast ropes (white and black) be used with fishing gear in coastal areas to help minimize entanglements of minke and perhaps other whale species.
机译：鲸鱼缠在渔具中是一个全球性的问题，与此渔具相关的水下绳索通常是导致死亡的伤害原因。小须鲸（Balaenoptera acutorostrata）受威胁特别大，因为它们相对较小，分布广泛，并且通常发生在部署了多种类型渔具的沿海生境中。未知小须鲸是否能够检测和避开与渔具相关的绳索。为了解决这个问题，我们进行了一系列的野外实验，以测量近岸小须鲸对模拟螃蟹和鲸鱼捕鱼工具的水下绳索的行为响应。我们还研究了鲸鱼行为与特定环境变量之间的相关性。我们的方法涉及视觉和声学监测不同颜色的实验绳索和浮标附近的鲸鱼行为。遥感系统还用于同时监视海洋状况，记录水下声音并捕获在绳索附近游泳的鲸鱼的水下视频。小须鲸（N = 42）在靠近实验绳索时会降低游泳速度，并改变其方位，特别是在使用白色和黑色绳索进行试验时。一些小kes子（N = 7）在靠近绳索时也会改变其水下游泳的轨迹，并且常常表现出低频发声。这些信息共同提供了有力的证据，表明小须鲸能够发现并模拟在近海区域捕鱼工具的水下绳索并对其做出反应。我们假设视觉和也许是被动的声学感觉能力可能是这些避免绳索行为的机制。我们建议在沿海地区将高对比度的绳索（白色和黑色）与渔具一起使用，以帮助最小化小须鲸和其他鲸类物种的纠缠。

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    Brian W. Kot; Richard Sears; Ayal Anis; Douglas P. Nowacek; Jason Gedamke; Christopher D. Marshall;

  • 作者单位

    Mingan Island Cetacean Study, Inc., Longue-Pointe-de-Mingan, Quebec, Canada GOG 1V0 Department of Marine Biology, 200 Seawolf Parkway, Texas A&M University, Galveston, TX 77553, USA;

    Mingan Island Cetacean Study, Inc., Longue-Pointe-de-Mingan, Quebec, Canada GOG 1V0;

    Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 78433, USA,Department of Marine Sciences, Texas A&M University, Galveston, TX 77553, USA;

    Duke University Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516, USA;

    National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration, Ocean Acoustics Program, Office of Science and Technology, National Marine Fisheries Service, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA;

    Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University, Galveston, TX 77553, USA,Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 78433, USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    behavior; entanglements; fishing gear; minke whale; sensory capabilities; vocalizations;

    机译：行为;纠缠捕鱼装置;小须鲸感觉能力;发声;

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