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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Effects of predation on intraspecific aggregation of prey and prey diversity in a subtidal marine food web
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Effects of predation on intraspecific aggregation of prey and prey diversity in a subtidal marine food web

机译：捕食对潮间带海洋食物网中种内种食聚集和猎物多样性的影响

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摘要

The aggregation model of coexistence suggests that intraspecific aggregation in local patches decreases richness locally, but increases richness regionally. While this model has largely been applied to competing species, it may also apply to predator-prey systems if predators influence intraspecific aggregation in their prey. Predators may influence intraspecific aggregation in prey communities by affecting prey immigration, emigration, and survival (both directly through predation and indirectly by modifying prey interactions and behavior). We performed a field experiment to determine whether predators influence the composition and aggregation of their macroinvertebrate prey in a marine subtidal food web. We quantified prey colonization of eight treatments that differed in the composition and richness of predators. We found between 50% and 70% of species exhibited positive intraspecific aggregation. We then asked whether the observed patterns in intraspecific aggregation among prey influenced local (alpha) diversity and turnover between local patches (beta diversity). Intraspecific aggregation was positively correlated with both alpha and beta diversity. The positive relationship between intraspecific aggregation and beta diversity was expected, however, the positive relationship between intraspecific aggregation and alpha diversity was not and runs counter to the negative relationship found in competitive communities. We suggest that the positive relationship we observed could occur because aggregation can increase prey survival and can generate a type HI functional response.
机译：共存的聚集模型表明，局部斑块内的种内聚集在局部降低了丰富度，但在局部增加了丰富度。尽管此模型已广泛应用于竞争物种，但如果捕食者影响其猎物中的种内聚集，它也可能适用于捕食者-猎物系统。掠食者可能通过影响猎物的迁徙，迁徙和生存（直接通过掠食，以及通过改变猎物的相互作用和行为而间接影响）来影响猎物群落中的种内聚集。我们进行了一项野外实验，以确定捕食者是否会影响其潮下食物网中大型无脊椎动物猎物的组成和聚集。我们量化了八种在捕食者的组成和丰富度上不同的处理的猎物定植。我们发现50％至70％的物种表现出正种内聚集。然后，我们问猎物中种内聚集的观察模式是否影响了本地（alpha）多样性和本地补丁之间的周转率（beta多样性）。种内聚集与α和β多样性均呈正相关。种内聚集与β多样性之间存在正相关关系，但是，种内聚集与α多样性之间不存在正相关关系，这与竞争社区中的负相关性背道而驰。我们建议我们观察到的积极关系可能发生，因为聚集可以增加猎物的存活率并可以产生HI型功能性反应。

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