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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Field experiments with 'cageless' methods to manipulate grazing gastropods on intertidal rocky shres
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Field experiments with 'cageless' methods to manipulate grazing gastropods on intertidal rocky shres

机译：利用“无笼”方法进行潮间带岩石海岸放牧腹足类动物的野外实验

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摘要

Excluding particular species or guilds of grazing gastropods from experimental areas on intertidal rocky shores is a manipulation frequently used by marine ecologists. Manual removals, cages or fences are classical methods, but they usually require large areas or multiple procedural controls to avoid experimental artefacts. In order to minimise some of those constraints, alternative methods have been developed and are increasingly being used. The effects and limitations of these methods are, however, generally assumed and hardly ever tested. The experiment described here was designed to compare the effectiveness of manual removals, copper paint and sticky barriers in excluding intertidal grazing gastropods from experimental areas on a natural sandstone platform in South-eastern Australia. The response of the grazing assemblage was evaluated for individual species and collectively (integrating all species) by direct counts of individuals and from radular marks on wax discs. The observed patterns varied considerably among species. As predicted, barriers of copper paint effectively excluded the limpet Cellana tramoserica, for several weeks, while having no apparent effect on co-occurring species of grazing gastropods. Sticky barriers were also effective in excluding C tramoserica, but for shorter periods of time. Contrary to expectations, however, sticky barriers were generally incapable of deterring the coiled snails Bembicium nanum and Nerita atramentosa. Barriers of copper paint are, therefore, a cost-effective way to manipulate diversity (densities of individuals, number and composition of species) and function (intensity of grazing) in this type of assemblage. Care must be taken to clarify the underlying mechanisms and to identify adequate procedural controls.
机译：从潮间带多岩石海岸的实验区域中排除特定种类或放牧腹足动物的行会是海洋生态学家经常使用的一种操作。手动拆除，笼子或栅栏是传统方法，但通常需要大面积或多道工序控制，以免产生实验伪像。为了使这些约束中的某些约束最小化，已经开发了替代方法并且正在越来越多地使用替代方法。但是，通常假定这些方法的效果和局限性，并且几乎没有进行过测试。此处描述的实验旨在比较手动清除，铜漆和粘性障碍物在排除来自澳大利亚东南部天然砂岩平台上实验区域的潮间带放牧腹足动物的有效性。通过单个个体的直接计数和蜡盘上的胎记痕迹，评估了单个物种的放牧组合的响应，并集体（整合了所有物种）进行了评估。在物种之间观察到的模式差异很大。如预料的那样，铜漆的屏障有效地排除了帽贝Cellana tramoserica达数周之久，同时对放牧腹足动物的共生物种没有明显影响。粘性屏障也可以有效地排除曲霉菌，但时间较短。然而，与预期相反，黏性屏障通常无法阻止盘绕的蜗牛本纳比克和纳雷塔atramentosa。因此，铜漆的屏障是一种在这种类型的组合中操纵多样性（个体密度，物种的数量和组成）和功能（放牧强度）的经济有效的方法。必须注意澄清潜在的机制并确定适当的程序控制。

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