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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Spatial Patterns In Impacts Of Fishing On Temperate Rocky Reefs: Are Fish Abundance And Mean Size Related To Proximity To Fisher Access Points?
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Spatial Patterns In Impacts Of Fishing On Temperate Rocky Reefs: Are Fish Abundance And Mean Size Related To Proximity To Fisher Access Points?

机译：捕捞对温带岩石礁的影响的空间格局：鱼类的丰度和平均大小是否与临近渔民进入点有关？

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Effects of fishing on marine communities are becoming increasingly evident, yet little is known of the spatial extent of impacts, particularly for multiple impacts distributed over broad scales. We tested the common perception that commercial and recreational fishing on inshore temperate reefs generate spatial impacts that diminish with distance from fisher access points. We collected data on harvested and non-harvested reef species using underwater visual censuses at 133 shallow rocky reef sites around Tasmania and tested for relationships between assemblage and species level indices of fishing impacts and distance to the nearest boat launching ramp. Slopes of size spectra of fish communities tended to decrease with distance from the nearest boat ramp, with this relationship apparently resulting from low numbers of large fish (>30 cm TL) and a greater number of smaller fish (<15 cm TL) at sites closest to access points. At the species level, relationships were evident either in the abundance of legal individuals or the mean size of harvested species with distance to the nearest boat ramp, except for rock lobster. Patterns for rock lobster differed when areas in which commercial or recreational fisheries dominated were considered separately from the statewide analysis. A pattern of increasing numbers of legal lobsters with increasing distance from boat ramps was observed, but only in the areas in which the recreational fishery dominated. Observed relationships in all species were consistent with greater fishing impacts at sites closest to boat ramps, with the exception of exploited wrasses. Banded morwong, which are subject to a live export fishery, appeared to be most affected by proximity to boat ramps. Conversely, no relationships were found between the abundance or size of the most frequently occurring non-harvested species and distance to boat ramps. These results support the hypothesis that greater fishing impacts occur at more accessible sites over the entire Tasmanian coastline. The variability of results among individual species are likely, at least in part, to be related to differences in fisheries characteristics such as vessel size and range, as well as the suitability of our methods for detecting impacts. The potential of such a pattern in fishing impacts to be evident in other locations will thus likely depend on characteristics of the particular fishes and fisheries.
机译：捕捞对海洋社区的影响越来越明显，但是人们对影响的空间范围知之甚少，特别是对于广泛分布的多种影响。我们测试了以下常识，即在近岸温带礁石上进行商业和休闲捕鱼会产生空间影响，随着距渔民接入点距离的增加，空间影响会逐渐减小。我们使用塔斯马尼亚岛周围133个浅礁礁现场的水下视觉普查收集了已收获和未收获珊瑚礁物种的数据，并测试了捕捞影响的组合和物种水平指数与到最近的船只下水道的距离之间的关系。鱼群大小谱的坡度随距最近的舷梯的距离而趋于减小，这种关系显然是由于地点的大型鱼数量少（> 30 cm TL）和大量小型鱼（<15 cm TL）引起的最接近接入点。在物种层次上，无论是法人数量的丰富还是收获物种的平均大小与最近的船舷坡道之间的距离（除了龙虾），都存在明显的关系。当将商业性或休闲性渔业占主导地位的地区与全州范围的分析分开考虑时，龙虾的模式会有所不同。观察到合法龙虾的数量随着距船舷梯的距离的增加而增加，但仅在休闲渔业占主导地位的地区出现。在所有物种中观察到的关系与最接近船只舷梯的地点的捕捞影响相一致，但被剥削的濑鱼除外。带状的morwong受活出口渔业的影响，似乎最受靠近舷梯的影响。相反，在最常见的未收获物种的数量或大小与到舷梯的距离之间没有发现任何关系。这些结果支持这样的假设，即在整个塔斯马尼亚海岸线上，更容易到达的地点发生了更大的捕鱼影响。各个物种之间结果的差异可能至少部分与渔业特征（例如船只的大小和范围）的差异以及我们检测影响的方法的适用性有关。因此，在其他地方显而易见的这种捕鱼影响模式的潜力很可能取决于特定鱼类和渔业的特征。

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