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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Cortisol stress response of juvenile winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus, Walbaum) to predators
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Cortisol stress response of juvenile winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus, Walbaum) to predators

机译：幼年比目鱼（Pseudopleuronectes americanus，Walbaum）的皮质醇对捕食者的应激反应

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摘要

Wild stocks of winter flounder (Pseudopleuronectes americanus) in the Northwestern Atlantic have been depleted to an extent that has warranted increasingly stronger fishing regulations in the last decade. As a means to strengthen the wild populations of winter flounder and to avoid further fishing restrictions, the rearing of juvenile fish in hatcheries for release in coastal waters has been viewed as a possibility. Many fishery biologists have concern that hatchery-reared fish are not behaviorally and/or physiologically equipped to survive in the wild due to a lack of predator interaction and conditioning. This study aimed to determine whether hatchery-reared juvenile winter flounder exhibited a stress response, as evidenced by an increase in whole-body cortisol concentrations, to cohabitation with potential predators. The green crab (Carcinus maenas) and sand shrimp (Crangon septemspinosa) have been implicated as sources of juvenile flounder mortality in laboratory and field studies and therefore were chosen as invertebrate predators. In addition, the summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus) was selected as a predator because of its co-existence with young winter flounder in estuaries during early summer. Juvenile fish (n = 12) were exposed to predators for 24 h in an arena. Results from radioimmunoassay indicate that juvenile winter flounder initiate a cortisol response to sand shrimp and summer flounder cohabitation, whereas the presence of a green crab does not elicit such a response. The ability of a fish to detect and react to a predator is vital for survival to a reproductive size. This study demonstrates that a hatchery-reared juvenile winter flounder can mount a stress response in the presence of predators.
机译：在过去的十年中，西北大西洋的野生比目鱼（Pseudopleuronectes americanus）野生种群已经枯竭，其捕捞法规日益严格。作为加强冬季比目鱼野生种群和避免进一步捕捞限制的一种手段，人们认为有可能在孵化场饲养幼鱼以释放到沿海水域。许多渔业生物学家担心，由于缺乏食肉动物的相互作用和条件调节，孵化场饲养的鱼类在行为和/或生理上均无法在野外生存。这项研究的目的是确定孵化场饲养的幼年冬天比目鱼是否表现出对潜在的掠食者同居的压力反应，这是通过全身皮质醇浓度增加证明的。在实验室和田间研究中，青蟹（Carcinus maenas）和沙虾（Crangon septemspinosa）被认为是幼小比目鱼死亡率的来源，因此被选作无脊椎动物。此外，夏季比目鱼（Paralichthys dentatus）被选为捕食者，因为它与初夏时河口的年轻冬季比目鱼并存。幼鱼（n = 12）在舞台上暴露于捕食者24小时。放射免疫分析的结果表明，少年冬比目鱼对沙虾和夏季比目鱼同居引发了皮质醇反应，而绿蟹的存在则不会引起这种反应。鱼对捕食者做出反应并对其做出反应的能力对于维持繁殖规模至关重要。这项研究表明，在存在捕食者的情况下，孵化场饲养的幼年冬天比目鱼可以产生应激反应。

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