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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Geographic variation in demography of black perch (Embiotoca jacksoni): Effects of density, food availability, predation, and fishing
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Geographic variation in demography of black perch (Embiotoca jacksoni): Effects of density, food availability, predation, and fishing

机译：黑色鲈鱼人口统计学的地理变异（Enfiotoca Jacksoni）：密度，食品可用性，捕食和捕捞的影响

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摘要

It is well known that demographic rates such as growth and mortality may vary among populations, but the degree of variation in demography is often unknown, especially when considering multiple populations at large spatial scales (e.g., across hundreds of kilometers). Likewise, of the many factors that may affect demography, it is often unknown which are the major factors responsible for spatial variation in demographic rates. In this study, we estimated rates of growth and examined age distributions within nine populations of black perch (Embiotoca jacksoni) distributed across similar to 350 km of coastline. We tested whether spatial variation in demography was associated with several explanatory variables including population density, predator density, food availability, and fishing activity. Our study revealed a substantial amount of spatial variation in demographic rates. Among-population variation in growth accounted for 55% of the total variation, and the coefficient of variation for mean age within a population was 27%, suggesting substantial variation in mortality. Spatial variation in growth was most sensitive to variation in food availability and mean age was lowest at locations with high levels of spearfishing activity. Although the fishery for black perch is not a major one, fishing mortality rates may be very high in some areas. Overall, our results shed light on the ecological forces that shape demographic variation of this species, and suggest that fishing mortality may have a major influence on the dynamics of perch populations.
机译：众所周知，人口统计率（如生长和死亡率）可能因人群而异，但人口缺陷的变化程度通常是未知的，特别是在考虑大量空间尺度（例如，超过数百公里）的多个群体时。同样，在可能影响人口统计的许多因素中，通常是未知的，这是负责人口率的空间变化的主要因素。在这项研究中，我们估计了在九个群体中分布在与350公里的海岸线相似的黑色鲈鱼（Embiotoca jacksoni）中的增长和检查年龄分布。我们测试了人口摄影中的空间变化是否与几种解释性变量相关联，包括人口密度，捕食者密度，食物可用性和捕鱼活动。我们的研究揭示了人口率的大量空间变化。在人口中的变化中，增长的55％占总变异的55％，人群内平均年龄的变异系数为27％，表明死亡率的大量变化。生长的空间变化对食品可用性的变化最敏感，并且在具有高水平的持续活性的位置的平均年龄最低。虽然黑色鲈鱼的渔业不是主要的渔业，但在某些地区捕鱼死亡率可能很高。总体而言，我们的结果阐明了这种物种人口变异的生态力，并表明捕捞死亡率可能对鲈鱼种群的动态产生重大影响。

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