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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >The effects of oil on blue crab and periwinkle snail interactions: A mesocosm study
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The effects of oil on blue crab and periwinkle snail interactions: A mesocosm study

机译：油对蓝蟹和Periwinkle蜗牛相互作用的影响：中核科学研究

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摘要

We examined the sub-lethal effect of Macondo oil from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on predator-prey interactions using blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) and periwinkle snails (Littoraria irrorata). A 2 x 2 factorial mesocosm design determined the effect of oil (no oil vs. oil) and blue crabs (no blue crab predator vs. one blue crab predator) on periwinkle snail climbing and survival. Sixteen mesocosm tanks were used in the experiment, which were replicated three times. Each tank contained water, sand, and Spartina marsh stems. The sixteen tanks were divided between two, temperature-controlled chambers to separate oil treatments (no oil vs. oil). Oil was buried in the sand to prevent direct coating of mesocosm organisms. Half of the tanks contained only snails, while the other half contained snails and (one) blue crab in each chamber. Snail climbing behavior and survival were documented every 12 h over 96 h. Snails exposed to oil without a blue crab predator survived as well as snails not exposed to oil and no blue crab predator. Oil reduced snail survival in the presence of a blue crab predator. The increase in snail mortality can be attributed to changes in snail climbing behavior. Oil significantly reduced snail climbing height in the presence and absence of a blue crab predator. This change in behavior and subsequent decrease in snail survival could be beneficial for Spartina during recovery after an oil spill. A decrease in snail populations would reduce grazing stress on Spartina. However, field research immediately after an oil spill would be more useful in determining predator-prey interactions and further food web effects.
机译：我们检查了使用蓝蟹（Calloinectes Sapidus）和Periwinkle蜗牛（Littoraria Irroratata）对捕食者 - 猎物漏油的Macondo Showy oily漏油的亚致死效应。 A 2 x 2因子Mesocosm设计确定了石油（无油与油）和蓝蟹（没有蓝蟹捕食者与一个蓝蟹捕食者）对Periwinkle蜗牛爬升和生存的影响。在实验中使用了十六个Mesocosm坦克，这是三次复制的。每个罐都含水，沙子和斯巴塔娜沼泽茎。将十六个罐分开在两个温度控制的腔室之间，以分离油处理（没有油与油）。油被埋在沙滩中，以防止直接涂层胚乳生物体。一半的坦克只包含蜗牛，而另一半含有蜗牛和每个腔室中的蓝色蟹。每12小时记录蜗牛攀爬行为和生存率超过96小时。暴露于没有蓝蟹捕食者的油的蜗牛幸存下来，并且没有暴露于油的蜗牛，没有蓝蟹捕食者。油减少了蓝蟹捕食者存在的蜗牛存活。蜗牛死亡率的增加可归因于蜗牛攀爬行为的变化。油显着减少了蓝蟹捕食者的存在和不存在的蜗牛爬升高度。这种行为的变化和随后的蜗牛存活减少可能在漏油后恢复过程中有利于斯巴塔那。蜗牛种群的减少将减少斯巴塔那的放牧压力。然而，在漏油后立即进行现场研究在确定捕食者 - 猎物相互作用和进一步的食物网络效应方面更有用。

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