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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology >Effects of climate-induced changes in temperature and salinity on phytoplankton physiology and stress responses in coastal Antarctica
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Effects of climate-induced changes in temperature and salinity on phytoplankton physiology and stress responses in coastal Antarctica

机译：气候诱导的温度和盐度变化对沿海南极植物生理学和应力反应的影响

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摘要

Coastal phytoplankton assemblages from Potter Cove in Antarctica were exposed to low salinity (S-) and high temperature (T +) conditions to simulate oceanic changes resulting from global warming. The treatments were: low salinity (30) and high temperature (S-T +); low salinity and ambient temperature (1-2 degrees C) (S-T0); ambient salinity (34) and increased temperature (4-5 degrees C) (SOT +) and ambient salinity with ambient temperature (control, SOTO). Experiments were conducted in 100-L microcosms and monitored for 6 days. Compared to the control treatment, micro-size diatoms (25-50 mu m) dominated the phytoplankton assemblages while prasinophyceae were less abundant at the end of the S-T +/- and SOT + treatments. Nano-size diatoms (10-20 mu m) also increased significantly at the end of the experiment but only when exposed to SOT +. In S- treatments, the production of reactive oxygen/ nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) increased while phytoplankton biomass decreased. Under T+ conditions, the production of ROS/RNS was significantly lower than in T0 treatments. Throughout the experiment, alpha-Tocopherol (alpha-T) consumption may have prevented lipid damage, allowing for increases in photosynthetic rate and growth when nutrients concentrations were sufficiently high. Our results indicate that an increase in temperature can compensate for the lipid damage produced by low salinity, and stimulate carbon uptake in both conditions. This study demonstrated that the final composition of phytoplankton assemblages in all experimental treatments was strongly influenced by the original composition. Future changes in natural phytoplankton assemblages in Antarctic coastal waters will therefore depend on the planktonic species present at the time of the perturbation, which can strongly impact energy flow along food webs and the magnitude of carbon and nutrient fluxes in Antarctic waters.
机译：南极洲沿海Phytoplankton南极洲沿海浮游生物暴露于低盐度（S-）和高温（T +）条件，以模拟全球变暖导致的海洋变化。该处理是：低盐度（30）和高温（S-T +）;低盐度和环境温度（1-2℃）（S-T0）;环境盐度（34）和温度（4-5℃）（SOT +）和环境盐度，环境温度（对照，SOTO）增加。实验在100-L微观上进行，并监测6天。与对照处理相比，微尺寸的硅藻（25-50μm）占据了浮游植物组合，而在S-T +/-和SOT +治疗结束时血糖酵母较少。纳米大小的硅藻（10-20μm）在实验结束时也显着增加，但仅在暴露于SOT +时。在S-治疗中，反应性氧/氮气种类（ROS / RNS）的产生增加，而浮游植物生物量降低。在T +条件下，ROS / RN的产生显着低于T0治疗。在整个实验中，α-生育酚（α-T）消耗可能会阻止脂质损伤，允许在营养浓度足够高时增加光合速率和生长。我们的结果表明，温度的增加可以补偿低盐度产生的脂质损伤，并刺激两种条件下的碳吸收。本研究表明，所有实验处理中的浮游植物组合的最终组成受到原始组合物的强烈影响。因此，南极沿海水域中的天然浮游植物组合的未来变化将取决于扰动时存在的浮游物种，这可能强烈地冲击沿食物网的能量流量以及南极水域中的碳和营养素的大小。

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