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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Field Ornithology >An evaluation of the use of tartar emetic in the study of bird diets in the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil
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An evaluation of the use of tartar emetic in the study of bird diets in the Atlantic Forest of southeastern Brazil

机译：在巴西东南部大西洋森林鸟类饮食研究中使用牙垢催吐剂的评估

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摘要

Tartar emetic is frequently used to force regurgitation in birds, allowing the study of diet while minimizing mortality. However, the responsiveness to the emetic in terms of regurgitation and mortality rates has been shown to be highly species-specific. A total of 369 individuals (44 species) present in an area of Brazilian Atlantic Forest received the tartar emetic during 410 treatment events. These birds were mainly insectivores, frugivores, and omnivores. Regurgitation occurred in 70% of the treatments, with an overall pre-release mortality of 10%. Average latency time was 20 min, and it was not correlated with average species body mass. Incidence of regurgitation was lower and mortality was higher in the first hours of the day. Incidence of regurgitation varied with feeding guild, taxonomic family, and body mass classes in univariate tests, but only with guild after the effects of family and body mass had been controlled for. Incidence of mortality was affected by family. Responsiveness did not vary between males and females. Mortality occurred more frequently among individuals that failed to. regurgitate than among individuals that did regurgitate (85% vs. 15% of mortality events). Recapture rates were lower among treated individuals than among untreated individuals (10 vs. 13%), and lower among treated individuals that failed to regurgitate than among those that did regurgitate (8 vs. 11%), but these differences were not statistically significant. Treated and untreated birds presented statistically similar displacement rates between transects (32 vs. 42%). Our recommendation is that the tartar emetic should be used with caution, and alternative methods should be favored for those species presenting unsatisfactory responses to the tartar emetic. We also recommend that the use of this substance should be avoided in the first hours of the day, when the birds had little time to forage.
机译：经常使用酒催吐剂使鸟类产生反流，从而可以在研究饮食的同时最大程度地降低死亡率。但是，对催吐反应的反流和死亡率显示出高度的物种特异性。存在于巴西大西洋森林地区的369个人（44种）在410次治疗事件中接受了牙垢催吐剂。这些鸟主要是食虫，食肉动物和杂食动物。 70％的治疗发生反流，总的释放前死亡率为10％。平均潜伏时间为20分钟，与平均物种体重无关。在一天的头几个小时，反流的发生率较低，死亡率较高。在单变量试验中，反流的发生率随进食行会，分类学家庭和体重类别的不同而不同，但只有在控制了家庭和体重的影响后，反流的发生率才有所不同。死亡率受家庭影响。男性和女性的反应能力没有差异。失败者的死亡率更高。反流的人数要高于反流的个体（85％vs. 15％的死亡事件）。被治疗者的再捕获率低于未治疗者（10％vs. 13％），未反流治疗者的再捕获率低于未反流个体的捕获率（8 vs. 11％），但这些差异在统计学上并不显着。经处理和未经处理的鸟类在样带间的移位率在统计学上相似（32对42％）。我们的建议是应谨慎使用牙垢催吐剂，对于那些对牙垢催吐剂的反应不令人满意的物种，应采用替代方法。我们还建议在一天的头几个小时都应避免使用这种物质，因为它们的觅食时间很少。

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