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On Rationales for Cognitive Values in the Assessment of Scientific Representations

机译：科学表征评估中认知价值的理论基础

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摘要

Cognitive values like simplicity, broad scope, and easy handling are properties of a scientific representation that result from the idealization which is involved in the construction of a representation. These properties may facilitate the application of epistemic values to credibility assessments, which provides a rationale for assigning an auxiliary function to cognitive values. In this paper, I defend a further rationale for cognitive values which consists in the assessment of the usefulness of a representation. Usefulness includes the relevance of a representation regarding the investigation of a given problem and its practicability for the users. This rationale builds on the claim that any evaluation of scientific representations should pursue two aims: providing information about their credibility and providing information about their usefulness. Cognitive values relating to the usefulness of a representation and epistemic values relating to its credibility both perform a first-order function. Cognitive values are abstract, and several values with first-order functions may conflict in their application. Thus, in order for cognitive values to account for the sort of problem that is to be investigated by means of a representation, they need to be appropriately specified and weighed. Comprehensiveness, complexity, high resolution, and easy handling, for instance, may be required in a first-order function for model-based prediction of regional climate impacts but not for explaining how the global climate system works. Specifying and weighing cognitive and epistemic values relative to a given problem is a legitimate second-order function of social values.
机译：诸如简单性，广泛范围和易于处理之类的认知价值是科学表示的属性，它是由表示的构造所涉及的理想化产生的。这些属性可能有助于将认知价值应用于可信度评估，这为将辅助功能分配给认知价值提供了依据。在本文中，我捍卫了认知价值的进一步理论基础，该理论包括评估表征的有效性。有用性包括与调查给定问题有关的表示的相关性及其对用户的实用性。该理由基于这样的主张，即对科学表示形式的任何评估都应追求两个目标：提供有关其可信度的信息和提供有关其实用性的信息。与表示有用性有关的认知价值和与其可信度有关的认知价值都具有一阶功能。认知值是抽象的，具有一阶函数的多个值在其应用中可能会发生冲突。因此，为了使认知值能够解决将要通过表示法调查的问题种类，需要适当地指定和权衡它们。例如，在一阶函数中可能要求全面性，复杂性，高分辨率和易于处理，以便基于模型的区域气候影响预测，而不是为了解释全球气候系统的工作原理。指定和权衡相对于给定问题的认知和认知价值是社会价值的合法二阶函数。

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