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Spatio-temporal trends in the food habits of age-0 lake whitefish

机译：0岁湖白鲑食物习惯的时空趋势

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摘要

We compared diets of juvenile lake whitefish among six sites in Lake Michigan and one in Lake Superior during 2005 and 2006 to assess spatial and temporal patterns in food habits and evaluate if ontogenetic diet shifts occur that may influence growth and survival. A total of 262 and 496 juveniles were captured in 2005 and 2006, the majority of which were captured during June and July. Sites in southern Lake Michigan tended to have larger juveniles, and the smallest juveniles were observed at Naubinway, northern Lake Michigan, and Whitefish Point, Lake Superior. The mean number of prey items per stomach differed among sampling sites and years. Copepods were the most prevalent prey item, and were present in greater than 70% of juvenile stomachs from most sites. However, the percent by number of copepods decreased during July as chironomids and other benthic macroinvertebrates increased in number. There was a significant positive relationship between percent of benthic prey items and mean length of juvenile lake whitefish. A substantial increase in the percent of benthic prey consumed after 40 mm (total length) was observed and likely resulted from juvenile lake whitefish crossing a size threshold for benthic feeding relating to morphological changes (i.e., transition of mouth opening from terminal to sub-terminal) in addition to a potential increase in the availability of emergent macroinvertebrates. Timing of the transition to benthic feeding is likely regulated by the number of prey per juvenile and the overlap with peak emergence of important benthic aquatic invertebrates such as chironomids. A better understanding of these factors will increase our understanding of juvenile lake whitefish growth and survival, which are necessary for improving year-class strength predictions.
机译：我们在2005年和2006年之间比较了密歇根湖六个地点和苏必利尔湖一个地点的幼年白鲑的饮食，以评估饮食习惯的时空格局，并评估是否发生了可能影响生长和存活的个体饮食转变。在2005年和2006年，共捕获了262和496名少年，其中大多数在6月和7月被捕获。密歇根湖南部的地点往往有较大的幼鱼，在密歇根湖北部的瑙宾威和苏必利尔湖的怀特菲什波因特观察到最小的幼鱼。每个胃的猎物平均数在采样地点和年份之间有所不同。 pe足类是最普遍的猎物，并且在大多数地方超过70％的少年胃中都存在。但是，由于手足类和其他底栖大型无脊椎动物的数量增加，July足类的数量百分比在7月减少。底栖猎物的百分比与幼体湖白鱼的平均长度之间存在显着的正相关。观察到40毫米（总长度）后底栖猎物消耗的百分比显着增加，这很可能是由于幼体湖白鱼越过底栖动物摄食的大小阈值而引起的，该阈值与形态变化有关（即，张开嘴从末端过渡到末端） ），以及可能出现的大型无脊椎动物的潜在增加。过渡到底栖觅食的时间可能受每个幼体的猎物数量以及重要的底栖水生无脊椎动物如手足类动物与峰值出现的重叠的影响。对这些因素的更好的了解将使我们对少年白鲑的生长和生存有所了解，而这对于改进年级强度的预测是必不可少的。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of great lakes research》 |2010年第1期|P.66-72|共7页
  • 作者

    Randall M. Claramunt; rnAndrew M. Muir; rneremiah Johnson; rnTrent M. Sutton;

  • 作者单位

    Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Charlevoix Research Station, 96 Grant Street, Charlevoix, Ml 49720, USA;

    rnPurdue University, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, 195 Marsteller Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA Colder Associates Ltd., 9 4905 - 48th St., Yellowknife, NT Canada X1A3S3;

    rnMichigan Department of Natural Resources, Charlevoix Research Station, 96 Grant Street, Charlevoix, Ml 49720, USA;

    rnPurdue University, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, 195 Marsteller Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA University of Alaska Fairbanks, School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences, 245 O'Neill Building, Fairbanks, AK 99775, USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    lake whitefish; food habits diet; food web; growth;

    机译：怀特菲什湖饮食习惯饮食;食物网;成长;

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