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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of hazardous, toxic and radioactive waste >State of the Art Review of Emerging and Biogeotechnical Methods for Liquefaction Mitigation in Sands
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State of the Art Review of Emerging and Biogeotechnical Methods for Liquefaction Mitigation in Sands

机译：砂土液化缓解的新兴和生物地球技术探讨的艺术综述状态

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Earthquake-induced liquefaction causes soil to exhibit fluidlike behavior due to a sudden increase in pore water pressure and a concurrent decrease in effective stress. The liquefaction can destroy or damage existing substructures and superstructures that results in considerable economic and human losses. Hence, there is a need for ground improvement in liquefiable soils for liquefaction hazard mitigation. Various conventional methods, such as soil replacement, densification, and grouting have been used for liquefaction mitigation historically. However, these methods are carbon-intensive, uneconomic, and environmentally unfriendly. Recently, some researchers have demonstrated new techniques that can significantly mitigate liquefaction and achieve cost-effectiveness, are ecologically friendly, and have less associated disturbances. The objective of this review is to provide an overview and the associated challenges of emerging techniques that increase the liquefaction resistance of sandy soils. Initially, the advantages and disadvantages of conventional methods are discussed to justify the requirement for advanced methods. The rapid evolution of novel materials and techniques, as well as multidisciplin-ary collaborations, has led to new and innovative advanced methods for effective mitigation of liquefaction. Among these methods, the biogeo-technological methods that have received great attention recently are discussed in detail. Many studies have reported the effects of biotreatment on soil properties and liquefaction resistance, factors affecting the biocementation process, and various challenges associated with the biocemen-tation methods. Finally, additional research directions needed for biogeotechnical methods to be effective, sustainable, and resilient for liquefaction mitigation in actual field applications are presented.
机译：由于孔隙水压力突然增加和有效应力的同时降低，地震诱导的液化导致土壤表现出液体状行为。液化可以破坏或损害现有的子结构和上层建筑，导致具有相当大的经济和人类损失。因此，需要对液化土壤进行地面改善，用于液化危害缓解。各种常规方法，例如土壤替代，致密化和灌浆已被用于历史上的液化缓解。然而，这些方法是碳密集型，不经济的和环境不友好的。最近，一些研究人员已经证明了可以显着减轻液化和实现成本效益的新技术，具有生态友好，并且具有较少的相关干扰。本综述的目的是提供一种概述和新兴技术的相关挑战，从而提高了砂土液化抗性的液化技术。最初，讨论了传统方法的优点和缺点，以证明提前方法的要求。新颖的材料和技术的快速演变，以及多学用的合作，导致了新的和创新的先进方法，以有效减轻液化。在这些方法中，最近接受了极高关注的生物盖技术方法是详细讨论的。许多研究报告了生物处理对土壤性质和液化抗性的影响，影响生物沉积过程的因素，以及与生物旧方法相关的各种挑战。最后，提出了生物地球技术方法所需的额外研究方向，以便有效，可持续和有效地用于实际应用中的液化缓解。

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