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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of health economics >Total shutdowns, targeted restrictions, or individual responsibility: How to promote social distancing in the COVID-19 Era?
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Total shutdowns, targeted restrictions, or individual responsibility: How to promote social distancing in the COVID-19 Era?

机译：完全停工，有针对性的限制或个人责任：如何促进Covid-19时代的社会疏散？

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摘要

We examine the impact of early state and local COVID-19 policies to encourage social distancing. Outcomes are daily foot traffic at establishments spanning ten key industries, across which transmission risk varies substantially. Policies include state of emergency declarations, blunt general restrictions such as stay-at-home (SAH) orders, and targeted rules such as restrictions on bars, restaurants, entertainment venues, and schools. Exploiting variation in the timing of policies in difference-in-difference models, we show that much of the decline in foot traffic early in the pandemic was due to private precautionary behavior. SAH orders explain almost none of the foot traffic decline in industries with high risk of virus transmission, but they do explain a substantial share of the decline in moderate-to low-risk industries such as outdoor sports and visits to parks. Targeted restrictions tend to impact intended industries, as well as complementary ones. We show that the impact of targeted restrictions is largest in counties with no SAH restrictions, suggesting that better targeting of public restrictions can have important efficiency gains.
机译：我们研究早期国家和地方Covid-19政策的影响，鼓励社会疏散。结果是在跨越十个关键行业的场所的日常脚交通，传输风险大幅不同。政策包括紧急声明状态，钝的一般限制，如留在家庭（SAH）订单，有针对性的规则，如酒吧，餐馆，娱乐场所和学校的限制。利用差分差异模型的政策时间的变化，我们表明大部分大流行病的大部分下降是由于私人预防行为。 SAH命令几乎解释了病毒传播风险高的行业的脚交通衰退，但他们确实解释了户外运动等中度到低风险行业下降的大量份额，如户外运动和访问公园。有针对性的限制倾向于影响预期的行业，以及互补的行业。我们表明，无菌限制的县的有针对性限制的影响最大，表明公共限制的更好目标可以获得重要的效率。

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