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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of health economics >Is employer-based health insurance a barrier to entrepreneurship?;
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Is employer-based health insurance a barrier to entrepreneurship?;

机译：基于雇主的健康保险是否会阻碍创业？

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摘要

The focus on employer-provided health insurance in the United States may restrict business creation. We address the limited research on the topic of "entrepreneurship lock" by using recent panel data from matched Current Population Surveys. We use difference-in-difference models to estimate the interaction between having a spouse with employer-based health insurance and potential demand for health care. We find evidence of a larger negative effect of health insurance demand on business creation for those without spousal coverage than for those with spousal coverage. We also take a new approach in the literature to examine the question of whether employer-based health insurance discourages business creation by exploiting the discontinuity created at age 65 through the qualification for Medicare. Using a novel procedure of identifying age in months from matched monthly CPS data, we compare the probability of business ownership among male workers in the months just before turning age 65 and in the months just after turning age 65. We find that business ownership rates increase from just under age 65 to just over age 65, whereas we find no change in business ownership rates from just before to just after for other ages 55-75. We also do not find evidence from the previous literature and additional estimates that other confounding factors such as retirement, partial retirement, social security and pension eligibility are responsible for the increase in business ownership in the month individuals turn 65. Our estimates provide some evidence that "entrepreneurship lock" exists, which raises concerns that the bundling of health insurance and employment may create an inefficient level of business creation.
机译：在美国，对雇主提供的健康保险的关注可能会限制企业的创建。通过使用匹配的当前人口调查中的最新面板数据，我们解决了关于“创业锁定”主题的有限研究。我们使用差异模型来估计拥有配偶的雇主医疗保险与潜在的医疗保健需求之间的相互作用。我们发现，没有配偶保险的人比有配偶保险的人对健康保险需求的负面影响更大。我们还在文献中采用了一种新方法，来研究基于雇主的健康保险是否会通过利用Medicare资格来利用65岁时产生的不连续性而阻碍业务创建的问题。通过使用新颖的方法从匹配的每月CPS数据中确定月龄，我们比较了男性工人在65岁之前的几个月和65岁之后的几个月中拥有企业的可能性。我们发现企业拥有率提高了从65岁以下到65岁以上，而我们发现其他55-75岁年龄段的企业拥有率没有变化。我们也没有从以前的文献中找到证据，也没有发现其他估计因素，例如退休，部分退休，社会保障和退休金资格等其他混杂因素，这些因素导致个人在65岁月份的企业拥有量增加。我们的估计提供了一些证据，表明存在“企业家锁”，这引起了人们的担忧，即健康保险和就业的捆绑可能会导致低效率的业务创造。

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