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Inequality and mortality: Long-run evidence from a panel of countries

机译:不平等和死亡率:一个国家小组的长期证据

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摘要

We investigate whether changes in economic inequality affect mortality in rich countries. To answer this question we use a new source of data on income inequality: tax data on the share of pretax income going to the richest 10% of the population in Australia, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK, and the US between 1903 and 2003. Although this measure is not a good proxy for inequality within the bottom half of the income distribution, it is a good proxy for changes in the top half of the distribution and for the Gini coefficient. In the absence of country and year fixed effects, the income share of the top decile is negatively related to life expectancy and positively related to infant mortality. However, in our preferred fixed-effects specification these relationships are weak, statistically insignificant, and likely to change their sign. Nor do our data suggest that changes in the income share of the richest 10% affect homicide or suicide rates.
机译:我们调查经济不平等的变化是否会影响富裕国家的死亡率。为了回答这个问题,我们使用了收入不平等的新数据来源:税前收入份额的税收数据流向了澳大利亚,加拿大,法国,德国,爱尔兰,荷兰,新西兰,西班牙的最富有的10%的人口,瑞典,瑞士,英国和美国(1903年至2003年)。尽管此衡量指标不能很好地替代收入分配下半部分的不平等现象,但可以很好地替代收入分配下半部分的不平等现象。基尼系数。在没有国家和年份固定影响的情况下,最高十分位的收入份额与预期寿命负相关,与婴儿死亡率正相关。但是,在我们首选的固定效果规范中,这些关系微弱,在统计上不重要,并且可能会改变其符号。我们的数据也没有表明,最富有的10%人口的收入份额变化会影响凶杀或自杀率。

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