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The importance of peer effects, cigarette prices and tobacco control policies for youth smoking behavior

机译：同伴效应，卷烟价格和烟草控制政策对青少年吸烟行为的重要性

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摘要

This paper expands the youth cigarette demand literature by undertaking an examination of the determinants of smoking among high school students incorporating the importance of peer effects and allowing cigarette prices (taxes) and tobacco control policies to have a direct effect and an indirect effect (via the peer effect) on smoking behavior. To control for the potential endogeneity of our school-based peer measure we implement a two-stage generalized least squares estimator for a dichotomous dependent variable and implement a series of diagnostic tests. The key finding is that peer effects play a significant role in youth smoking decisions: moving a high-school student from a school where no children smoke to a school where one quarter of the youths smoke is found to increase the probability that the youth smokes by about 14.5 percentage points. The results suggest that there is a potential for social multiplier effects with respect to any exogenous change in cigarette taxes or tobacco control policies.
机译：本文通过对高中生吸烟的决定因素进行研究，扩大了青少年卷烟需求的文献，纳入了同伴效应的重要性，并允许卷烟价格（税款）和烟草控制政策具有直接影响和间接影响（通过同伴效应）对吸烟行为的影响。为了控制基于学校的对等测量的潜在内生性，我们对二分因变量实施了两阶段广义最小二乘估计器，并实施了一系列诊断测试。关键发现是，同伴效应在青少年吸烟决策中起着重要作用：将一名高中生从没有儿童吸烟的学校搬到发现有年轻人吸烟四分之一的学校，这增加了年轻人吸烟的可能性。约14.5个百分点。结果表明，对于卷烟税或烟草控制政策的任何外在变化，都有可能产生社会乘数效应。

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