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Energy Savings in Desalination Technologies: Reducing Entropy Generation by Transport Processes

机译:海水淡化技术中的节能:减少运输过程中产生的熵

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摘要

Desalination systems can be conceptualized as power cycles in which the useful work output is the work of separation of fresh water from saline water. In this framing, thermodynamic analysis provides powerful tools for raising energy efficiency. This paper discusses the use of entropy generation minimization for a spectrum of desalination technologies, including those based on reverse osmosis (RO), humidification-dehumidification (HDH), membrane distillation (MD), electrodialysis (ED), and forward osmosis (FO). Heat and mass transfer are the primary causes of entropy production in these systems. The energy efficiency of desalination is shown to be maximized when entropy generation is minimized. Equipartitioning of entropy generation is considered and applied. The mechanisms of entropy generation are characterized, including the identification of major causes of irreversibility. Methods to limit discarded exergy are also identified. Prospects and technology development needs for further improvement are mentioned briefly.
机译:海水淡化系统可以概念化为动力循环,其中有用的功输出是将淡水与盐水分离的功。在此框架中,热力学分析为提高能源效率提供了强大的工具。本文讨论了将熵产生最小化用于一系列淡化技术的应用,包括基于反渗透(RO),加湿-除湿(HDH),膜蒸馏(MD),电渗析(ED)和正向渗透(FO)的那些技术。在这些系统中,传热和传质是产生熵的主要原因。当熵产生最小时,显示出脱盐的能量效率最大。考虑并应用了熵生成的均分。熵产生的机制被表征,包括确定不可逆性的主要原因。还确定了限制废弃本能的方法。简要提到了需要进一步改进的前景和技术开发需求。

著录项

  • 来源
    《Journal of Heat Transfer》 |2019年第7期|072001.1-072001.11|共11页
  • 作者

    Lienhard John H. V;

  • 作者单位

    MIT, Dept Mech Engn, Rohsenow Kendall Heat Transfer Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
  • 中图分类
  • 关键词

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